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The Digestive System

by Sofia Doyle, Jianna Franklin,


Annie Rus, and Liana Stevenson
What is the digestive system?

The digestive system is a group of organs working


together to convert food into energy and basic
nutrients to feed the entire body.
How does it work?
It begins in the mouth with chewing, and ends in the small
intestine. As the food passes through the gastrointestinal tract
(GI), it mixes with saliva that help break down larger molecules
into smaller molecules. The body then absorbs the small
molecules into the walls of the small intestine, which is then
brought into the bloodstream, delivering nutrients all over the
body. Waste products pass through the large intestine and out
of the body as stool.
What does it do?

Since the small food molecules are able to be


absorbed into the small intestinal walls, this allows
for food to be converted into energy and can deliver
important nutrients and specific needs to the rest of
the body. This system basically allows us to eat and
digest food properly.
What cells and tissues are involved in the
system?

Tissues
There are four major tissue types involved:

Epithelial: lines the digestive tract and is made up of goblet cells


that secrete mucus

Nervous: this tissue is located in the tract and transports electrical


stimulus to the brain

Muscle: the smooth muscle lines the walls of the tract and contract
to pass food through

Connective: found in and around the muscle along the tract, and
Cells:
Mucus cells- produce mucus for protection and support
Parietal cells- produce hydrochloric acid and intrinsic
factor
Chief cells- pepsinogen (inactive form of protein
digestive enzyme)
Enteroendocrine cells- produce gastrin, cause gastric
glands to increase activity
How is it organized?

It is organized by the mouth, esophagus, stomach,


small intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, colon
( large intestine ), rectum, and the anus. Each of
these organs play a major role in the digestive
system.
How does it function?

1. Right after you finish chewing the food, it travels to your stomach through
your esophagus which has a series of muscular contractions called
peristalsis.

2. Once it reaches your stomach, it is broken down by powerful enzymes


which transform it into a usable form. Once the items are fully processed,
they travel to the small intestine.

3. As the food gets to you small intestine, they are in a semi-solid form and
after the process, they are turned into a liquid like form which consists of
water, bile, enzymes, and mucous.

4. Next it moves down to your pancreas. These pancreatic enzymes break


down fat, carbohydrates, and proteins. The pancreas makes insulin which
goes directly to your bloodstream and metabolizes the amount of blood in
What is the Circulatory System?

The Circulatory System is the process of blood circulating


throughout the body. It consists of three systems that all help to
maintain the bodys health. These are the heart
(cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), and the arteries, veins,
coronary, and portal vessels (systemic).
How does the circulatory system function?

The circulatory system works very closely with the digestive


system to get the absorbed nutrients distributed throughout
your body. The circulatory system carries chemical signals from
your endocrine system that control the speed of digestion.
Circulatory System: How does it work

-This system includes the heart and the blood


vessels running through the entire body. The arteries
carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, and
the veins carry it back to the heart. The heart is the
pump for the circulatory system, it is made of
muscle, and contracts to pump blood throughout the
body.
What does it do?

-The circulatory system


delivers nutrients and oxygen
to all cells in the body.
How is it organized?

Blood cells (red and white blood cells) > cells in the
tissues that make up the heart > cells in the blood
vessel > cardiac tissues that make up the heart >
tissues that make up the blood vessels > blood types
> blood > heart > circulatory system
Why does the Circulatory System need the
Digestive System?

The Circulatory System needs the Digestive system


to break down food into nutrients that are then sent
into the bloodstream to be used by cells. Also has
chemical signal signs that are from the endocrine
system to control digestion speed.
Why does the Digestive System need the
Circulatory System?

These systems need each other because the


Digestive system needs blood for the organs that
help the Digestive system function like the
intestines, stomach, etc. So the Circulatory System
would provide the blood to the organs for the organ
to carry out its function through the digestion cycle.
Bibliography
"Digestive System Function & Organs." Cleveland Clinic. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.

"8. Types of Tissue." Digestive-System-MPRR - 8. Types of Tissue. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.

"Your Digestive System and How It Works." National Institutes of Health. U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services, n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.
"Digestive System." Digestive System. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.

"Circulatory System: Facts, Function & Diseases." LiveScience. Purch, n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.

"Major Organs, Tissues, and Cells." The Circulatory System. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.

Studios, Andrew Rader. "Digestion - Eating and Elimination!" Biology4Kids.com: Animal Systems:
Digestive System. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.
"Levels of Organization: Circulatory." Sickle Cell Anemia by the RBCs. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2017.

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