Larrys New truck

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Larrys Truck Improvements
Larry put a 6 lift kit on his
Ford F-150 and a set of
33s Super Swamper
Thornbird Tires
The Suspension System
GIT-R-DONE
has been modified but the
Brake System has not.
Do You See Any
Problems?

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What Parts Control the Stopping of
the Truck?

Master Cylinder
Brake Hoses/Lines
Wheel Cylinders
Brake Calipers

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 Larry has a Problem!
What changes could you make to fix the
problem?
Bigger parts
Such as: Master Cylinder, Brake lines, Wheel
Cylinders, and/or Brake Calipers

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 Pascals Law
Unlock the mechanics of the
Hydraulic Braking System

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Before we apply Pascals Law
We must first review and be familiar with
Diameter of a Piston
Radius of the Piston
Area of the top surface of the Piston
Mathematically speaking
Diameter: The width of a circular or cylindrical object.
Radius: The radius of a circle is half the diameter
Area: Any particular extent of space or surface

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Math Hands on Practice
Measure across the top
of the piston, through
the center and record
the diameter (inches)
Calculate the radius of
the piston
Calculate the area of
the top of the piston
A = r r or
A = r2

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Area Example

Diameter = 7 inches
Radius = 3 1/2 inches
Area = ?
A= r2

3.14 (3 in)2 = 38.465 in2

Area = 38.465 in2
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Homework
Practice skill work
Read article: Effect of Oversize Tires
on Braking Characteristics
www.aamva.org/Documents/
vehStudyEffectOfOversizedTiresOnAlteredHei
ghtVehicles.pdf -

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 Pascals Law
In the 1600's, the French scientist Blaise
Pascal discovered a fact now known as
Pascal's Law. It states that pressure at any
point in a body of fluid is the same in every
direction, exerting equal force on equal
areas. This works for gases and liquids
(both are fluids).

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Pascals Formula
This brings us to a very important formula:
F
P
A
P = Pressure, F = Force and A = Area

This expresses that Pressure is Force per Unit Area.

This is why pressure is usually expressed in
pounds per square inch (psi).

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Variations of Pascals Law
Pressure = Force
F
divided by area P
A
Force = Pressure times
area
F P A
Area = Force divided
by pressure F
A
P
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F =Force

F
P A

P = Pressure A = Area
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Have you used formulas like
Pascals Law? Where are they used?

Generic Inverse Variation 15

y
Problem x
used in Algebra
Time = Distance / Rate

Ohms Law
used in science class
with electrical components

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Using Pascals Law

Pascal's Law - gives us the

mechanics to do a great deal
of work with hydraulics. The
drawing on the left shows
that we can lift a large amount
of weight with a small amount
of effort. We can lift 100
pounds by applying just 10
pounds of force to the piston
measuring 1 square inch

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Basic automotive braking system

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 50 lbs force
.5 sq in area of top of piston
F
P
A

50lb
P
.5in 2

P 100lb / in 2

50 lbs divided by .5 = 100 psi

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Where might Pascals Law be used?
A twenty ton floor
jack has a hydraulic
piston with a 7 in
diameter.
60 pounds of force is
being applied to the
piston.
Calculate the line
pressure being exerted
on the piston.

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Solving a Pascals Law problem
Which version of Pascals Law will you use?
Pressure = Force divided by area
F
P
A
Recall from earlier..
A= r2
3.14 (3 in)2 = 38.465 in2
Area = 38.465 in2

P = (60pounds) / (38.465 in2)

P = 1.56 pounds/ in2
P = 1.56 psi

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Using Pascals Law
A caliper piston has a
diameter = 1.5 in
The Master cylinder
has 50 pounds per
square inch (psi) line
pressure applied to it.
Determine the force
exerted on the caliper
piston.

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Solving a Pascals Law problem
Which version of Pascals Law will you use?
Force = Pressure times area
F P A
Recall how to find area..
A= r2
3.14 (3/4 in)2 = 1.77 in2
Area = 1.77 in2
F = (50pounds/ in2) (1.77 in2)
F = 88.5 pounds
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Did Larry have brake failure?

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Remember Larrys Truck ..
The truck has a major
braking problem.
You suggested earlier
that we replace it with
GIT-R-DONE
bigger brake parts
What do we need to
know about the
original braking
system?

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Facts about Larrys Truck
in brake lines
in bore master cylinder
7/8 in bore wheel cylinders
2 in caliper pistons

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Can you fix Larrys truck?
Devise a plan to fix Larrys truck based on
Pascals Law and your knowledge of
automotive systems that will remedy
Larrys braking problems.
Be sure to show all calculations and justify
your solution plan in a written paragraph.

Remember Larry doubled the size of the original

tire size..

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Be thorough..Larry is depending on
you
How would you
Git-R-Done?

GIT-R-DONE

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