THE NEOCLASSIC
PERIOD (THE
RESTORATION,
AUGUSTAN AND AGE OF
SENSIBILITY)
WEEK 7
1660-1700: The Restoration
1700-1745: The Augustan Age
(or Age of Pope)
1745-1785: The Age of Sensibility
(or Age of Johnson)
Restoration Period
After his father's death, Charles was proclaimed king of
England by the Scots and by supporters in parts of
Ireland and England, and he traveled to Scotland to raise
an army.
In 1651, Charles invaded England but was defeated by
Cromwell at the Battle of Worcester. Charles escaped to
France and later lived in exile in Germany and then in
the Spanish Netherlands.
After Cromwell's death in 1658, the English republican
experiment faltered. Cromwell's son Richard proved an
ineffectual leader, and the public resented the strict
Puritanism of England's military rulers.
In 1660, in what is known as the English Restoration,
General George Monck met with Charles and
arranged to restore him in exchange for a promise of
amnesty and religious toleration for his former
enemies.
On May 25, 1660, Charles landed at Dover and four
days later entered London in triumph. It was his 30th
birthday, and London rejoiced at his arrival.
In the first year of the Restoration, Oliver Cromwell
was posthumously convicted of treason and his body
disinterred from its tomb in Westminster Abbey and
hanged from the gallows at Tyburn.
Characteristics
1 Rise of Neo-classicism
The Restoration marks a complete break with the past. The
people believed in the present, the real and the material.
Men had learned to fear individual enthusiasm, and therefore
they tried to discourage it by setting up ideals of conduct in
accordance with reason and common sense, to which all men
should adapt themselves.
All these tendencies were reflected in the literature of this
period. The writers, both in prose and poetry, tacitly agreed
upon the rules and principles in accordance with which they
should write.
Rules and literary conventions became more important than
the depth and seriousness of the subject matter to the writers
of this period. They express superficial manners and customs
of the aristocratic and urban society and did not pry into the
mysteries of human mind and heart.
2 Imitation of the Ancient Masters