PRESENTATAION

FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE

DEPARTMENT: INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

SEMESTER :2ND
SESSION : 2013

BY ROLL NOS
13-IME-28/13-IME-34/13-IME-55/13-IME-56
FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE
DEFINATION: The engine that produces
power in four strokes using diesel as a fuel is
called four stroke diesel engine.

STROKES IN DIESEL ENIGNE:

Intake stroke
Compression stroke
Power stroke
Exhaust stroke
VIEW OF DIESEL ENGINE
INTAKE STROKE
In the intake stroke of the piston, the piston
descends from the top of the cylinder to the
bottom of the cylinder, increasing the
volume of the cylinder. A mixture of fuel and
air, or just air in a diesel engine, is forced by
atmospheric (or greater) pressure into the
cylinder through the intake port. The intake
valve then closes.
COMPRESSION STROKE
In the compression stroke both intake and
exhaust valves are closed, the piston returns
to the top of the cylinder compressing the air
or fuel-air mixture into the combustion
chamber of the cylinder head. During the
compression stroke the temperature of the
air or fuel-air mixture rises by several
hundred degrees.
POWER STROKE
In this stroke expansion process takes place
with the help of fuel injection. From fuel
injection pump fuel enters in the form of
small particles to fuel injector which then
atomize the fuel particles further and
speedily injects it into the cylinder and these
highly speedy atomized fuel particles cause
expansion at the compressed air. Due to this
expansion power is produced
EXHAUST STROKE
Lastly, in exhaust stroke , a process called
exhaust process occurs in which after
expansion the exhaust or unuseful gases are
being exhausted from the diesel engine so
that they may not contaminate with the
desired product
VIEW OF STROKES IN ENGINE
PARTS OF DIESEL ENGINE
PISTON
CRANKSHAFT

CYLINDER

PISTON PIN

CRANK PIN

VALVES

OIL RINGS

COMPRESSION RINGS

ROCKER ARM

FLY WHEEL

FUEL INJECTOR

CANSHAFT

CONNECTING ROD

CAMSAIR FINS

GEARS
PISTON
Piston is a round part that moves inside
cylinder with to and fro motion. It can also
be known as the heart of any engine.
CRANKSHAFT
It is a shaft that converts liner motion of the
piston into rotational or rotary motion.
Crankshaft is also known as the backbone of
any engine.
CONNECTING ROD
It is a rod that connects the piston with the
crankshaft and helps in movement of both.
CRANK CASE
It is a hollow part in which crankshaft makes
make its different movements. Lubricating
oil remain in crankcase in different
processes.
PISTON PIN
Piston pin is a pin that connects piston with a
connecting rod.
CRANK PIN
Crank pin is a pin that connects crankshaft
with a connecting rod
COMPRESSION RINGS
These are at upper side of piston and
prevents the working fluid from going down
from piston to crancase.
OIL RINGS
These are present below the compression
rings and prevents the lubricating oil in the
crankcase from going in the cylinder
CAMS
In diesel engine cams are used for moving
the rocker arms.
ROCKER ARM
Rocker arm controls the inlet and outlet flow
of fresh air or exhaust gases, respectively by
controling inlet and outlet valve. It opens the
respective valves at proper time.
CYLINDER
It is a hollow vessel in diesel engine in which
piston, crankshaft and crankcase makes their
movement.
VALVES
These are two types of valves:
Inlet valve
Outlet valve

INLET VALVE: It is for the entrance of fresh air.

It opens at the start of intake process.
OUTLET VALVE: It is for the exhaust of
unuseful gases. It opens at start of exhaust
process.
AIR FINS
Air fins are used for cooling the engine and
also prevent the engine from overheating.
GEARS
Gears are used to use the energy produced
by diesel engine according to our
requirement. These are connected to main
shaft which are further attached to wheel, so
gears use energy produced and supply it to
wheel to make their movement
FLYWHEEL
Flywheel absorbs energy given by crankshaft
after respective strokes and then utilize the
energy and transfer it back to cankshaft due
to which piston keeps on rotating and over
jumps or hurdles are avoided.
FUEL INJECTOR
It injects fuel particles in atomized form in
much faster rate into the cylinder. These
atomized particles bring about expansion.
CAMSHAFT
It rotates cams of the diesel engine which
further moves rocker arms in up and down
motion.
GLOW PLUG
Glow plug has a heating element at its tip
when electric current is given due to its
resistance the heating element glows and
warms the air inside the pre-combustion
chamber for smooth combustion.
WORKING OF GLOW PLUG
 It is more efficient than petrol engine but
the percentage of mixture is 25% of air and
1% of fuel. Its efficiency is (35-45)%