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Codex work on milk and milk

products (overview)

Annamaria Bruno and Jeronimas Maskeliunas


Food Standards Officers
Codex Secretariat
Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme
Codex Alimentarius Commission
Established in 1961/1963
174 members countries and 1
Member organisation
219 observer organisations
Codex Alimentarius Commission -
mandate
Dual objective:
Protecting the health of consumers
Facilitating fair practices in food trade
Non-mandatory in nature, Codex standards
and related texts have since 1995 become
international benchmarks for harmonization
under the SPS and TBT Agreements of WTO
Codex organizational chart
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION
Executive Committee Secretariat

General Subject Committees Commodity Committees ad hoc Intergovernmental Task Forces


Methods of Analysis and active
General Principles Biotechnology Antimicrobial Resistance
Sampling
(France) Milk and Milk Processed Fruits (Japan) (Republic of Korea)
(Hungary)
Products (New Zealand) and Vegetables (USA) Processing and Handling of
Pesticide Residues
Food Additives (China) Quick Frozen Foods
(China) Fish and Fishery Fresh Fruit and
(Thailand)
Residues of Veterinary Products (Norway) Vegetables (Mexico)
Contaminants in Foods Drugs in Foods
(Netherlands) Fats and Oils
(USA)
(United Kingdom)
Food Hygiene Food Labelling
Regional Coordinating Committees
(USA) (Canada) adjourned
Latin America
-Food Import and Sugars Meat Hygiene Africa
Nutrition and Foods for and the Caribbean
Export Inspection Special Dietary Uses (United Kingdom) (New Zealand) (Morocco)
(Argentina)
and Certification
(Germany) Cereals, Pulses and Vegetable Proteins North America and
Systems (Australia) Asia
Legumes (USA) (Canada) the Southwest Pacific
(Republic of Korea)
(Samoa)
Natural Mineral Waters Cocoa Products and
Chocolate (Switzerland) Europe Near East
(Switzerland)
(Switzerland) (Jordan)
Codex work on milk and milk
products
Codex Committee on Milk and Milk Products
Codex Committee on Food Hygiene
Codex Committee on Contaminants in Foods
Codex Committee on Pesticides
Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary
Drugs in Foods
Codex Committee on Food Additives
Codex Committee on Nutrition and Food for
Special Dietary Uses
Codex Committee on Milk and Milk
Products
Hosted by New Zealand
Elaborate world-wide standards , codes and
related texts for milk and milk products
Meets every two years; 8th Session in
February/March 2008
16 Standards for individual cheese, 19 Standards
cheese products
Codex General Standard for the Use of Dairy
Terms (CODEX STAN 206/1999)
Codex Standards for Milk and Milk
Products - format
Scope
Description
Essential Composition and Quality Factors
Food Additive
Contaminants
Hygiene
Labelling
Methods of Analysis and Sampling
Codex Standards for Milk and Milk
Products - Contaminants

The products covered by this Standard


shall comply with the maximum limits for
contaminants and the maximum residue
limits for pesticides and veterinary drugs
established by the Codex Alimentarius
Commission.
Codex Standards for Milk and Milk
Products - Hygiene
It is recommended that the products covered by the
provisions of this standard be prepared and handled in
accordance with the appropriate sections of the
Recommended International Code of Practice General
Principles of Food Hygiene (CAC/RCP 1-1969), the Code of
Hygienic Practice for Milk and Milk Products (CAC/RCP 57-
2004) and other relevant Codex texts such as Codes of
Hygienic Practice and Codes of Practice.
The products should comply with any microbiological
criteria established in accordance with the Principles for
the Establishment and Application of Microbiological
Criteria for Foods (CAC/GL 21-1997).
Codex Standards for Milk and Milk
Products Ongoing work and
Outstanding issues
Ongoing work
Export certificate for milk and milk products
Fermented milk drinks
Processed cheese
Oustanding issues
Food labelling provisions of revised individual cheese
standards (country of origin)
New work on elaboration of a Standard for Parmesan
cheese
Codex Committee on Food
Hygiene

Relevant texts
International Code of Practice General
Principles of Food Hygiene (CAC/RCP 1-1969)
Code of Hygienic Practice for Milk and Milk
Products (CAC/RCP 57-2004)
Relevant on-going work
proposed draft Code of Practice for Powdered
Formulae for Infants and Young Children
Code of Hygienic Practice for Milk and
Milk Products outstanding issues

Codex Guidelines for the application of the


lactoperoxidase system (CAC/GL 13 - 1991)

While adopting the above Guidelines, the Commission at


its 19th Session agreed to emphasize that the
lactoperoxidase system should not be used for products
intended for international trade and should never be used
as a substitute for refrigeration (ALINORM 91/40,
para.234)
Pesticide Residues in Milks
The Codex Alimentarius Commission has established
MRLs/EMRLs in milks for the following 88 pesticides :

2,4-D,abamectin*,aldicarb,aldrinanddieldrin,amitraz,azocyclotin,bentazone,bifenthrin,
carbaryl,carbofuran,carbosulfan,chlordane,chlormequat,chlorpyrifos,chlorpyrifos-methyl,
clethodim,clofentezine,cyfluthrin*,cyhexatin,cypermethrin,cyprodinil,cyromazine,DDT,
deltathrin*,diazinon,dichlorvos,dicofol,diflubenzuron,simethipin,dimethoate,
diphenulamine,diquat,disulfoton,dithiocarbamates,endosulfan,ethephon,ethoprophos,
famoxadone,fenamiphos,fenbucanazole,fenbutatinoxide,fenitrothion,fenpropathrin,
fenpropimorph,fenpyroximate,fipronil,fludioxonil,flumethrin,flusilazole,flutolanil,
glufosinate-ammonium,glyphosate,heptachlor,imidacloprid,kresoxin-methyl,lindane,
methamidophos,methidathion,methomyl,methoprene,methoxyfenozide,myclobitanil,
oxamyl,paraquat,penconazole,permethrin,phorate,piperonylbutoxide,pirimicarb,
pirimiphos-methyl,prochloraz,profenogos,propargite,propiconazole,spinosad,
tebuconazole,tebufenozide,terbufos,thiabendazole*,triadimefon,triadimenol,triazophos,
trifloxystrobin,vinclozolin
*- Used also as veterinary drug
Veterinary Drug Residues in Milks
The Codex Alimentarius Commission has established
MRLs in milks for the following 27 veterinary drugs :

albendazole,benzylpenicillin/procainebenzylpenicillin,ceftiofur,
chlortetracycline/oxytetracycline/tetracycline,clenbuterol,
cyfluthrin*,cyhalothrin*,cypermethrinandalpha-cypermethrin,
deltamethrin*,dihydrostreptomycin/streptomycin,diminazene,
doramectin,eprinomectin,febantel/fenbendazole/oxfendazole,
gentamicin,imidocarb,isometamidium,ivermectin,lincomycin,
neomycin,pirlimycin,spectinomycin,spiramycin,sulfadimidine,
thiabendazole*,tilmicosin,trichlorfon(metrifonate)*
.
*- Used also as pesticide
Codex Committee on Nutrition and
Food for Special Dietary Uses

Relevant texts
Codex Standard on Infant Formula (Codex STAN 72-
1981)
Ongoing work
Draft revised Standard for Infant Formulas and
Formulas for Special Medical Purposes intended for
Infants. Final draft of Section A provisions for infant
formulas and Section B provisions for Formulas for
Special Medical Purposes to be submitted for adoption
at 30th CAC (July 2007)
Others

Contaminants and toxins


Codex General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food GSCTF (CODEX
STAN 193-1995): Aflatoxin M1, Lead

Additives
Codex General Standard for Food Additives GSFA (CODEX STAN 192-1995) -
Food Category 01.0 Dairy Products and analogues

Methods of Analysis
Recommended Methods of Analysis and Sampling
(CODEX STAN 234-1999)
Cooperation between Codex
and OIE

Cooperation is important to minimize overlaps and avoid


gaps in in standards falling within the scope of both
organizations, so as to ensure a farm-to-fork approach to
the safety of foods of animal origin.
OIE already participates actively in Codex work, e.g. in
CCMH, CCRVDF, CCFH and CCFICS.
OIE Working Group on Animal Production Food Safety.
Advisory group established in 2002 with participation of
experts from Codex.
OIE adhoc Groups on Identification and Traceability of Live
Animals (since 2005), on Certificate (since 2007) and on
Animal Feeds (October 2006)
For more information visit the Codex
website: http://www.codexalimentarius.net

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