GROUP 2

BIDARI INTAN RUCITRA

DWI DARMAYANTI
LELLY LUCKITASARI
MOHAMMAD TAUFIK AJI
FAHRULI
RIDADYAH WILUJENG
THE BEETLE
 General Definition
Like other insects, beetles have three major body
segments: the head, with a single pair of antennae
and usually a pair of compound eyes; the thorax,
which typically bears two pairs of wings and three
pairs of legs; and the abdomen, where the
reproductive and digestive organs are housed. Beetles
have chewing jaws called mandibles and paired
mouthparts known as maxillary and labial palpi
(singular, palpus) that are used for feeding or handling
food. The bodies of beetles and other insects are
covered by a layer known as the cuticle. In most
beetles this is a tough layer that supports the internal
organs and protects the body. The cuticle gets its
strength because it contains a substance called chitin.
Each hard, platelike area of the cuticle is called a
sclerite
 Definisi Umum
Seperti serangga pada umumnya,
kumbang memiliki tiga bagian badan
pokok, yaitu, kepala, dada, dan perut.
Kumbang memiliki sepasang antena, mata
majemuk, dua pasang sayap, serta tiga
pasang kaki. Kumbang memiliki dua
rahang pengunyah, yakni rahang atas dan
rahang bawah. Badan kumbang memiliki
struktur yang keras dan kuat. Badannya
terdiri sklereit dan sejenis lapisan lilin
yang disebut kutikula.
 Beetle Classification
Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum : Arthropode
Class : Insecta
Ordo : Coleoptera
Family : Coccinellidae
Genus : Lamprima, Rhinotia, and
Chondrophyga
Species : Lamprima aurata, Megasoma sp.
,Rhinotia hemistictus, and
Chondrophyga dorsalis.
The External Morphology Of
Beetle
 Basic Charasteristic
1. It found everywhere, except
marine.
2. The wings are thick , hard, and
opaque.
3. It has a hard exoskeleton.
4. It has antenna as a primary
smelling organ.
5. The body segmented.
6. It has trachea as the main
respiratory organ.
 Ciri-ciri Umum
1. Dapat ditemui dimana saja, kecuali laut.
2. Sayapnya cenderung tebal, keras, dan tidak
tembus cahaya.
3. Termasuk hewan dengan rangka luar.
4. Memiliki antena sebagai alat indra
penciuman.
5. Tubuhnya bersegmen.
6. Bernapas dengan trakea.
7. Tipe mulutnya pengigit hampir sama
seperti
belalang.
The Beetles Mouth
 The Habitat
The habibat of the beetle is in all
natural , especially in the surface of soil
and the plant.habitat. Some species live
in the fresh water.

Habitat dari kumbang adalah semua

tempat di alam, khususnya di atas
permukaan tanah and hidup di atas
tumbuhan. Beberapa spesies hidup di air
tawar.
 The Detail Morphology
1. Head
In its head there is eyes. The type of eyes is
like another insect, it has compund eyes
and simple eyes. In its head there is the pair
of antennes.
1. Kepala
Pada kepalanya terdapat sepasang mata
faset dan mata majemuk. Selain itu, di
kepalanya juga terdapat antena.
The Beetles Head
2. The Thorax
The thorax is segmented. It
devide into
prothorax and pterathorax. The
pterahorax
divided into mesothorax and
metathorax.
The thorax is that part from which
all three
pairs of legs and both pairs of
2. Dada
Dadanya memiliki segmentasi tubuh.
Dada terbagi atas prothotax dan
pterathorax. Pterathorax terbagi lagi
menjadi mesothorax dan metathorax.
Pada bagian thorax, terdapat sayap
dan sebagian dari kakinya.
The Beetles Thorax
3. Abdomen
The abdomen is the section behind the
metathorax, made up of a series of rings, each
with a hole for breathing and respiration, called a
spiracle, composing three different segmented
sclerites: the tergum, pleura, and the sternum. The
tergum in almost all species is membranous, or
usually soft and concealed by the wings and elytra
when not in flight. The pleura are usually small or
hidden in some species, with each pleuron having
a single spiracle. The sternum is the most widely
visible part of the abdomen, being a more or less
sclerotized segment. The abdomen itself does not
have any appendages, but some (for example,
Mordellidae have articulating sternal lobes
 Perut
Bagian ini adalah terletak di
belakang metathotrax, tubuhnya
bersegmentasi, terdiri dari bagian
unik yang disebut spirakel, yang
berguna untuk proses pernapasan
serta pencernaan. Organ pernapasan
dan pencernaan dapat dilihat pada
gambar berikut.
Anatomy Of Beetle
The Beetles Abdomen
 The Extremities
The multisegmented legs end in two to five small
segments called tarsi. Like many other insect
orders, beetles bear claws, usually one pair, on
the end of the last tarsal segment of each leg.
While most beetles use their legs for walking, legs
may be variously modified and adapted for other
uses. Among aquatic families Dyticisdae,
Haliplidae, many species of Hydrophilide and
others the legs, most notably the last pair, are
modified for swimming and often bear rows of
long hairs to aid this purpose. Other beetles have
fossorial legs that are widened and often spined
for digging. Species with such adaptations are
found among the scarabs, ground beetles, and
clown beetles (family Histeridae). The hind legs of
some beetles, such as flea beetles (within
 Ektrimitas
Ekstrimitas dari kumbang terdiri dari
kaki yang berjumlah 6 kaki. Kaki
kumbang memiliki cakar yang kecil
yang berada di ujung kakinya.
 Nutrition
There are various nutrient sources.
Those are :
1. Animal and plant debris.
2. Carrions of animal.
3. Pollen, fruit, or leaf.
4. Smaller invertebrates.
 Physiology Systems
1. Digestive System
The nutrient is broken in its mouth by
mechanical enzyme. The next step is the
nutrient will travel to the stomach and colon.
2. Nervous System
The nervous system in beetles contains all the
types found in insects, varying between different
species, from three thoracic and seven or eight
abdominal ganglia which can be distinguished to
that in which all the thoracic and abdominal
ganglia are fused to form a composite structure
1. Sistem Pencernaan
Sistem pencernaan pada kumbang
dimulai dari pencernaan mekanis
dan kimiawi pada mulut dan
bergerak menuju lambung serta
usus.
2. Sistem Saraf
Sistem saraf pada kumbang sama
seperti serangga lainnya. Sistem
saraf kumbang terdiri dari ganglia.
3. Respiratory System
Like most insects, beetles inhale
oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide
via a tracheal system. Air enters
the body through spiracles, and
circulates within the haemocoel in a
system of tracheae and tracheoles,
through the walls of which the
relevant gases can diffuse
appropriately
3. Sistem Pernapasan
Sistem pernapasan pada kumbang
adalah menggunakan trakea untuk
sistem pertukaran gas. Selain itu
terdapat juga spirakel.
4. Circulatory System
Like other insects, beetles have open
circulatory systems, based on hemolymph
rather than blood. Also as in other insects, a
segmented tube-like heart is attached to
the dorsal wall of the hemocoel. It has
paired inlets or ostia at intervals down its
length, and circulates the hemolymph
from the main cavity of the haemocoel and
out through the anterior cavity in the head
4. Sistem Peredaran Darah
Sistem peredaran darah pada
kumbang menggunakan sistem
peredaran darah terbuka.
The Reproduction System
The reproducing of beetle is by
producing the eggs. When the
beetles are mating the sperm cells
tranfer to the female beetle and
become the mature egg.
The Beetles Mating
 The Life Cycle
The process of life cycle is started from
egg. The egg will develop into the fisrt
step larva. The larva life periods are
three steps. After that, the larva will
develop become the pupa and the last
step is imago (adult beetle)