LYMPHOID

ORGAN
Thymus
Spleen
Lymph node
Tonsils

Irma Kamelia, dr.

DEPT. OF BIOLOGY
CELL
FACULTY OF
WHAT IS
LYMPH?

WHAT IS
LYMPHOID
ORGAN?
 Where - Red bone
PRIMARY lymphocytes are marrow
LYMPHAT FORMED and -Thymus
IC MATURE. gland
ORGAN Stem cells B-
and T-cells

lymph nodes,
Where
SECOND tonsils,
lymphocytes spleen,
ARY
are peyers
LYMPHAT
ACTIVATED. patches, and
IC MALT
ORGAN
 THYMUS

LYMPH NODES

TONSILS

SPLEEN
THYMUS

Thymus is primary lymphoid

organ found within superior
mediastinum, behind the upper
part of the sternum.

This organ is active in the

children, but at the start of
puberty until old age, it starts
to atrophy, producing fewer T-
cells.

It has two lobes, divided into

many lobules

Thymus only have efferent

THYMUS
THYMUS
THYMUS
THYMUS
 THYMUS

LYMPH NODES

TONSILS

SPLEEN
 LYMPH NODES

bean-shaped organ

Function: filter
microorganisms etc from
lymph.

covered by capsule of
dense connective tissue,
and have capsular
extensions called
trabeculae, which provide
support for blood vessels
entering into the nodes.
 LYMPH NODES

OUTER CORTEX: contain mostly B-cells, and

some T-cells
Has germinal center where B-cells proliferate
CORTE into antibody-secreting plasma cells.
Also present macrophages and dendritic cells -
X trap antigens present them on their surface
into B-cells

INNER CORTEX: contain mostly T-cells

MEDUL Contain B-cells and plasma cells.

Plasma cells live for 3 days, and make IgG type
LA antibodies
LYMPH NODES
LYMPH NODES
 THYMUS

LYMPH NODES

TONSILS

SPLEEN
 TONSILS

Tonsils are largely non-encapsulated

(or partially-encapsulated) masses of
lymphoid tissue, that lie in the walls
of pharynx and nasopharynx, and at
the base of the tongue.
 TONSILS

The luminal surface of the tonsils are

covered with stratified squamous
epithelium, except for pharyngeal
tonsils, covered by pseudostratified
epithelium with goblet cells.
Tonsils have many invaginations which
form blind crypts.
Below the epithelium, there are many
lymphoid follicles beneath which have
germinal centers like the lymph nodes.
 TONSILS

The epithelial cells are able to

phagocytes bacteria and transfer
them to macrophages, which then
present the foreign antigens to B-
cells, which are activated (with the
help of T-cells) and secrete IgA type
antibodies which are secreted locally.
 THYMUS

LYMPH NODES

TONSILS

SPLEEN
 SPLEEN

Largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the

body and only have efferent lymph
vessels.

It has two main function:

1.Reacts to blood-borne antigen, by
producing antibodies. Spleen is main
source of circulating antibodies
2.Removes defective red blood cells and
platelets from the circulation.
 SPLEEN

CAPSULE composed of dense connective tissue

TRABECUL Branches of capsule that extend into the

A parenchyme of the spleen (Pulp)

- splenic sinusoids
RED PULP - splenic cords(of Billroth)
PARENCHM
YE
(PULP) oval or rounded greyish white
WHITE areas formed by lymphoid tissue.
PULP
 SPLEEN

Contain lymphoid aggregations,

Two WHITE mostly lymphocytes, and
PULP macrophages which are arranged
main around the arteries. The lymphocytes
are both T (mainly T-helper) and B-
types cells

of Vascular, and has parenchyma and

lots of vascular sinuses. These are
tissue RED PULP
sinusoids a specialised type of
capillary, which are very leaky
in Has numerous macrophages to
phagocyte damaged cells.
spleen
 WHITE PULP RED
PULP

Surounded by Open and

lymphocyte called close
periarterial circulation
lymphoidsheath
 White
Red pulp
pulp
THANK
YOU