M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHN

AGRA

Department-Civil
Topic-Surveying Engg.

SESSION 2015-16
Submitted To- SUBMITTED BY-
Er. Rajat Pathak
Jitendra Kumar

B.Tech 3rd year (CE)

ROLL NO. 1344800017
TOPIC SURVEYING
(FIELD SURVEYING)

Sub-Surveying
 INTRODUCTION
Surveying is the art of determining the relative position of
different objects on the surface of earth by measuring the
horizontal distance between them
TOPICS TO BE COVERED

Object of surveying .
Uses of surveying .
Classification of surveying .
A ) Primary classification .
B )secondary classification .
Principle of surveying .
Chain surveying .
Lane table surveying .
Theodolite surveying .
Land surveying .
OBJECT OF SURVEYING
The aim of surveying is to prepare a map to show
the relative position of the object on the earth
surface it shows the natural features of a
country such a town , village , road , railways ,
river etc.
USES OF SURVEYING
1) To prepare topographical map.
2) To prepare cadastral map.

3) To prepare engineering map.

4) To prepare military map.

5) To prepare contour map.

6) To prepare geological map.

CLASSIFICATION OF SURVEYING
(A) PRIMARY CLASSIFICATION
(B) SECONDARY CLASSIFICATION

(a) Primary classification

(1) Plane surveying

In plane surveying the curvature of the is not

taken in to consideration. Because plane surveying
is carried out over a small area. So the earth
surface is considered as plane.
(2) Geodetic surveying
In geodetic surveying the curvature of earth is
taken in to consideration. It is carried out over a
large area.
 (B) SECONDARY CLASSIFICATION
(1) Based on the instrument
(a) Chain surveying
(b) Compass surveying
(c) Plane table surveying
(d) Theodolite surveying
(e) Techenometric surveying
(f) Photographic surveying
(2) Based on method

(a) Triangulation surveying

(b) Traverse surveying


(2) Based on object

(a) Geological surveying
(b) Mine surveying
(c) Archaeological surveying
(d) Military surveying
(4) Based on the nature of field

(a) Land surveying

(b) Marine surveying
(c) Astronomical surveying
-Land surveying
-Cadastral surveying
- City surveying
-Engineering surveying
PRINCIPLE OF SURVEYING
(1) To work from the whole to the part.
(2) To locate a new station by at least to measurement
(linear or angular) from fix reference point.
CHAIN SURVEYING
The principal of chai surveying is triangulation.
This means that the area to be divided in to the
number of triangle.
Types of chain

(1) Revenue chain (33Ft)

(2) Gunter chain (66Ft)

(3) Engg. chain (100Ft)
(4) Matric chain (30m,20m)

COMPASS SURVEYING
In compass surveying prismatic compass is used
for calculating bearing of survey line and
included angles between two points.
PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
The principal of plane table is parallelism,
meaning that the rays drawn from station to
objects on the paper are parallel to the line from
the stations to the objects on the ground.
THEODOLITE SURVEYING
In Theodolite surveying , a theodolite is used to
measuring horizontal angle , vertical and
horizontal distance and vertical distance it is also
measures magnetic bearing .
LAND SURVEYING
Land surveying is the art and science of locating
points on , above and below the surface of earth
and the relating those points to a common
reference system .