1. Race, geographical
3. Depigmentasi no pigment
o. Vitiligo
Hipopigmentation
Hiperpigmentation
B. PAPULE
Small solid elevation of skin generally < 0,5 cm in diameter.
Papules may be flat-topped, dome shaped, or spicular
Papules may result from localized hyperplasia of dermal or
epidermal cellular elements
C. PLAQUE
palpable, plateau-like elevation of skin, usually more than 2
cm in diameter and rarely more than 5 mm in height. Often
formed by a convergence of papules, as in psoriasis.
Well-defined, reddish,
scaling plaques
D. VESICLE
An encapsulated or epithelial
lined cavity containing liquid or
semisolid material (fluid, cells,
and cell products). A spherical
or oval papule or nodule may be a
cyst if, when palpated, is
resilient (feels like an eyeball).
- Comedo acne
- Telengiectasion
- Burrow scabies
SECONDARY LESION
Hypertrophic
scar
H. FISSURE (RHAGADE)
Numular/discoid = Coin
Nummular eczema,
shaped with uniform
plaque-type
morphology from the
psoriasis,discoid lupus
edges to the center.
Scabies burrow,
poison ivy dermatitis,
Linear = straight line
lichen nitidus, lichen
planus(lesi multipel
Scarring alopecia
Localised alopecia areata
Tufted folliculitis
Diffuse alopecia
Diffuse alopecia is most often due to pattern balding,
and more
prominent over the vertex of the scalp
Water/detergent
damage, Nail
Distal lamellar
polish removers,
splitting; brittle
Traumatic
nails
removal or
artificial nails
Lichen planus,
Rough nails Twenty Nail
Dystrophy
Discolouration of nails
white or yellow distally
Yellow
Yellow nail syndrome, Psoriasis, dermatitis,
Onychomycosis, Psoriasis lichen planus, Nail
Staining from nail enamel infection
Green Brown or black
Infection Staining, Drugs Infection,
Melanocytic naevus,
Melanoma Racial
Cuticle and nail fold
abnormalities
Ragged cuticles &
Distal digital infarcts
telangiectases
Trauma: hang nail Vasculitis
Connective tissue disease
Distal subungual
hyperkeratosis Paronychia
Psoriasis, Onychomycosis,
Norwegian scabies
Lesions around nails
EXAMINATION OF THE
MUCOSA
Examination of the mucosa :
1.Mucosa oral
2.Mucosa genetalia
Examination of mucosa oral
Observe the color & its consistency
The presence or absence of saliva in the floor of mouth
The tongues appearance distinct on the dorsal,
ventral and lateral aspect
The dentition and whether there are grossly carious
teeth
The use of removable prosthesis
Observe : lesion, ulcer
Disorder of the oral mucosa
Fissured tongue
Granulomatosa Cheilitis
Disorder of the oral mucosa
Hairy tongue
Geographic tongue
Disorder of the oral mucosa
Aphthous ulcer
Kaposi sarcoma
Examination of mucosa
genitalia
Lesion of the Mucosa genitalia may be any of the
following :
Normal variant
Manifestations of STD
Dermatoses that may be generalized or found at extra-
genital site but that have a predilection for the
genitalia
Dermatoses that are spesific to the genitalia
Normal variant
Sebaceous gland
Pearly penile papules prominence
Manifestation of STD
Ulkus durum
Herpes genitalis
Dermatoses with a
predilection for the genitalia
Lichen planus
Psoriasis
Primary genital dermatoses
Squamous cell
carcinoma
Lichen sclerosus