KEY
Cities
Egyptian Empire
1630-1520 BC 2nd intermediate Egypt was not unified once again at the start of 14 th
period(14th-17th dynasty
dynasty) 17th dynasty reunite Egypt
1075-715 BC 3rd intermediate Egypt Split up once again into two areas, upper and lower
period(21st-25th dynasty
The Egyptians did not have some food they want, so they grew some of their food and trade
it in at the market for a different food or some goods. Most of the Ancient Egyptian were
farmers, traders, scribes and craftsmen but a small group of people were nobles.
Altogether these different groups of people makes the Egyptian population. The
Scribe
ancient Egyptian are know for the things they invented such as the pyramids
in Giza, they are known for the mummies, the papyrus used for writing and
drawings, the pharaohs such as King Omatep and King Tut, Black ink, Paper and
an organized labour. They were also know for their written words which is the
hieroglyphic.
Social Structure
The very top of Ancient Egyptian social is the Pharaoh since he controls basically everything, the Army, the
Politics etc. The second highest lies the nobles since every noble was related to the Pharaoh, there were also
the priests and the pharaohs trusted man which is the Viziers. The third highest of the Ancient Egyptian
population are the traders, shopkeepers, scribes and artisans. The scribes were the only Egyptians who knew
how to read and write, standing out from the surrounding illiteracy by their command of the secret skills of
reading and writing. The Fourth least
important of the Egyptian social structures
Social were the farmers herders and workers.
Pyramid At the bottom of all the different classes of
people in ancient Egypt are the slaves
and unskilled workers. They represents a
great percent of the Egyptian population.
They support all the classes above them
which is why they are at the base of the
Social structure
Housing
The houses in ancient Egypt were made out of Mud bricks from annual floods from the Nile
River. The brick makers would place mud into wooden molds and let them bake and
harden in the sun. After that the bricks were stacked to be used for building. The
wealthy people made their homes double-thick wall to increase the security of the
house, but the poor people are only able to pay only one brick thick.
The average of Egyptian homes had four rooms, a central room with smaller
Egyptian house
rooms joined to it. A family spent most of their time in the central room and used it for
plan sleeping quarters of the night. In the house from the central room I
s a kitchen and another room that is used for storage or as an extra bedroom
and off the street was an entry room, that led into the central room.
For desserts, Egyptians liked to eat dates. Dates were also put into
a persons grave so they could eat them in
the afterlife, the Egyptians also grew water
melons, and other kinds of melons
Egyptian Butcher Shop
Egyptian Dates
Family Life
In ancient Egypt they highly valued family life. They treasured their children and consider
them a blessing. In lower-class families the mother would take care of the kids
Gender
while the Upper- Lower-
father goes for work, but the wealthy and the nobles had slaves and
class
servants to help them class
take care of their children. If youre a father you are
responsible for the economic well- being of your family while upper-class man
become scribes or priest. The lower-class men were farmers, hunters and
craftsmen. Women supervise the household, the servants(if youre rich or is
Male Scribe or
a noble) andpriest
Farmers,
her children while upper-class women priestesses or musicians.
hunters,
In Ancient Egypt divorce was allowed only if you hated your wife/husband, your wife betrayed
you on some sort or she was unable to
have kids. When these circumstances are met,
the wife could get returned to her
parents. When a divorce is
granted, she gains the custody of
her children along with her
dowries if there was one. Dowries
did not appeared after the
Romans came to Ancient Egypt there, the Egyptians were
influence by the Romans.
Egyptian Necklace
One famous complex belief is the one about the afterlife. Ancient Egyptians thought
that when peopleAnubis Ralife called the afterlife.
died, they had another Osiris
Because they believed
in this afterlife, they preserved peoples bodies. They wrapped the dead bodies in
linen, then they put them in stone coffins, and finally they put the bodies inside
pyramids with other jewelleries in it, so that they can use it in their afterlives.
Anubis, The God of
Death Anubis is the God of Death and is also known as the God of
Mummification. Anubis means a jackal-headed god in Greek. He is one of the
famous gods in Ancient Egypt because he is the God of Mummification. Anubis
is known as half human and half jackal. He was believed to protect the journey
to the afterlife, and his duty was also to guide the souls of the death to the
underworld. Because he was respected so much and was believed to be very
powerful, whenever there was a mummification, the head embalmer always wore
a jackal mask for good luck. There are lots of myths about who were Anubiss
parents. Some myths say that Nephthys gave birth to him, and some myths say
that he was the son of Ra, the Sun God. However, after he took control for a long
time, myths say that Osiris took over the job of being the God of Death.
Clothing
Since the environment of Ancient
Egypt was very hot, wore thin and very
light clothes or sometimes no clothes
at all. To make these clothes so light,
most of the clothes were made out of
linen. Linen was made out of flax,
which was a plant that had very tiny
leaves, blue flowers, and very long
stem. Using linen, workers made long
transparent robes for both men and women. Whether they
were poor or rich, they all wore jewellery. Although, wealthy
people wore gold and expensive jewellery, which showed that they were wealthy.
Also, most Ancient Egyptians walked barefooted. They didnt cover
their heads either. An interesting fact is that they had a replacement
for sunscreen called kohl, which was to help keep the glare down of
the sun. It tells clearly that the Ancient Egyptians made their own
clothes from what their environment provided them.
Art and Music
The art of Ancient Egypt is from 5000 B.C. to 300 A.D. It includes paintings,
sculptures, crafts, and architecture done by the civilization in the lower Nile Valley.
The Ancient Egyptians art were about the things they were influenced. They also
made art for kings, queens, the dead, and gods. Pictures about their religion were
frequently drawn. There were also different kinds of art forms. One
interesting art form was relief art.
Relief art meant pictures that were
carved into layers. Its purpose
was to give a raised look. They
were often made in soft limestone.
Another piece of art was their
language. It was called
hieroglyphics. It was their
language in writing. Even though
it was their language, they still
counted it for their art. It is famous
for its unique styles.
Although there were music in Ancient Egypt, the evidence for it only starts after
3100 B.C.E. Music was an important part of worshipping in Ancient Egypt. There
were also gods related with music, such as Hathor and Bes. One instrument that
they played was harps.
Festivals
There were several festivals in Ancient
Egypt. One of these festivals was called the Beautiful
Festival of the Valley. This festival was celebrated
once a year in Thebes starting from the Middle
Kingdom period. This festival was held originally in
remembrance of the dead.
Another festival that was famous was the Min
Festival. This ceremony was held to celebrate the
continued rule of a pharaoh. This festival was also celebrated to worship the God
Min. The festival was started by the king himself. The queen, royal family, and the
court came out with the king. The king, himself, entered the sanctuary of God Min
and brought goods and offerings.
Another festival that was held in Ancient Egypt was the Opet Festival. This
festival was celebrated in Thebes during the New Kingdom
period. In this festival, the statues of the Theban Triad, was
escorted to the temple of Luxor to relive their marriage.
Also, a festival called the Sed Festival was celebrated
in Ancient Egypt. The Sed Festival is one of the most
important celebration because it was celebrated for the
continued rule of a pharaoh just like the Min Festival.
Military
The Ancient Egyptian army was divided into an
army and a navy. They were divided in these two teams
because the West Delta of the Nile was threatened by
desert raiders and the East Delta of the Nile was
threatened by the invaders from Asia. Because Egypt
didnt know horses, the Asians were much stronger since
they had bronze strong weapons and horses. So, the
Ancient Egyptians always had to keep an eye around
everywhere. Eventually, the Ancient Egyptian armies
built fortresses on the most attackable spaces, so that
they didnt need to always be frightened of where their enemies will come out
from. Also, the Ancient Egypt was unified under one government. The main
problem of the military was keeping enemies out.
This was a very hard problem because
everywhere
around Ancient Egypt was the perfect spot to
attack. As a solution, the Ancient Egyptian army
built fortresses all around, so that it would be
easier for them to block their enemies.
Law
In Ancient Egypt, the court systems were very unfair. Noble men and rich
citizens werent dealt harshly. Also, judges and tax collectors used their powers
to control other people and
for their own goods. Also,
in Ancient Egypt rulers
called pharaohs made the
rules. The pharaohs made
many strict rules and harsh
punishments so that the
citizens will stay in control.
In Ancient Egypt, it was a
huge shame for the family
if a family member was a criminal and was harshly punished. One crime is 100
hits with a stick. If it was a really bad crime 5 more bleeding cuts would be
added in the punishment. Also, if it was the worst crime ever, they would have to
die in such painful ways like drowning, executing, and burning on fire. The
people who catches these criminals are officials who are like police nowadays.
They would know if a person is an official because they wear golden Ma.
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was an ancient
civilization that was in North Africa.
Egypt is at the exact spot where
Ancient Egypt used to be. The
civilization started around 3150 B.C.
and ended at 31 B.C. when the
Romans took over. Ancient Egypt is
famous for varieties of things, such as pyramids, sphinx, mummies, and papyrus.
One thing that Ancient Egypt is famous for is the belief about the afterlife.
Ancient Egyptians thought that when a person died, they had another life called
the afterlife. They thought that Anubis, the God of Death, led dead souls to the
underworld. So, they made up the process of preparing for the
afterlife called mummification. They would wrap up dead bodies
with linen and then put them in pyramids. Ancient Egypt was a
very strict civilization. They had harsh rules and also punishments.
They really trusted and believed in their gods. A similarity between
Canada and Ancient Egypt is that we both have governments.
They make up the rules, and there are also courts to argue their
cases. Another thing is that they had police officers that were
called officials. Ancient Egypt was a very smart civilization.
Text Bibliography
Background Text
Class lessons of Ancient Egypt
Egyptian Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/life/home.html
Housing
Rymer, Eric. Housing In Ancient Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://historylink101.net/egypt_1/a-housing.htm>.
Child Hood
Egypt:Daily Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www2.sptimes.com/Egypt/EgyptCredit.4.2.html>.
Family Life
Life in Anicent Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.carnegiemnh.org/exhibitions/egypt/guide.htm>.
Egypt:Daily Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www2.sptimes.com/Egypt/EgyptCredit.4.2.html>.
Text Bibliography 2
Marriage
Eternal Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.eternalegypt.org/EternalEgyptWebsiteWeb/HomeServlet?
ee_website_action_key=action.display.module&story_id=&language_id=1&
module_id=175&ee_messages=0001.flashrequired.text>.
Marriage in Ancient Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.kingtutshop.com/freeinfo/Marrage-in-Ancient-Egypt.htm>.
Map
Ancient Egypt: The Ancient Egyptian World. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.theancientweb.com/explore/content.aspx?content_id=9>.
How the Wealthy Live
Life in Anicent Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.carnegiemnh.org/exhibitions/egypt/guide.htm>.
Rymer, Eric. Housing In Ancient Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://historylink101.net/egypt_1/a-housing.htm>.
Text Bibliography 3
Map
Class Knowledge
Ancient Egypt Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010. <http://www.ancient-egypt-
online.com/ancient-egypt-timeline.html>.
Childbirth
PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH . N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.womenintheancientworld.com/pregnancy%20and
%20childbirth.htm>.
Ancient Egyptian Midwifery and Childbirth. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/egypt/dailylife/midwifery.htm>.
Books
Neering, Rosemary, and Peter Grant. Other Places, Other Times. Toronto,
Ontario: A Division of Canada Publishing Corporation, 1986
Toutant, Arnold, and Susan Doyle. Ancient Worlds. Canada: Oxford
University Press, 2000
Information Bibliography
4
Ancient Egyptian Religion . Wikipedia, n.d. Web. 31 May 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion
Childhood of Ancient Egypt . Reshafim, n.d. Web. 31 May 2010.
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/people/childhood.htm
Ancient Egypt Education . Historylink, n.d. Web. 31 May 2010.
http://historylink101.net/egypt_1/a-education.htm
Anubis . Wikipedia, n.d. Web. 31 May 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anubis
Anubis . Touregypt, n.d. Web. 31 May 2010.
http://www.touregypt.net/anubis.htm
Ancient Egyption Clothing. Jesse.: Sara., Courtney. Web. 4 June 2010.
<http://www.islandnet.com/~kpotter/egypt/cloth.htm>
Ancient Egyptian Clothing .Kidipede, n.d. Web. 4 June 2010.
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/egypt/clothing/index.htm
Art of Ancient Egypt . Wikipedia, n.d. Web. 31 May 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_of_ancient_Egypt
Information Bibliography
5
Social Structure
Social Structure from sites.google.com/.../Home/egypt by Mr. Crain
Picture Bibliography 2
Housing
Average Egyptian Housing plan from ancient-egypt-life.blogspot.com/ by Kamis
Nobles house from : unusualhistoricals.blogspot.com/2009_01_01_ar...by
Jean Adams
Food
Beer from www.historyforkids.org/.../food/egyptfood.htm by Jane Shuter
Butcher shop from www.historyforkids.org/.../food/egyptfood.htm by Jane Shuter
Dates from www.historyforkids.org/.../food/egyptfood.htm by Jane Shuter
Child Hood
Family and child from egypt.mrdonn.org/homes.html by mr.donn
Family Life
Priest from www.teachnet.ie/.../third_task.htm
Egyptian hunter from www.bizorigin.com/2007/do-entrepreneurs-have-add
Egyptian farmer from www.bizorigin.com/2007/do-entrepreneurs-have-add
Egyptian musician from commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C%2BB-Music-F..
Egyptian priestess from karenswhimsy.com/ancient-egyptian-symbols.shtm by Kerens
Whimsy
Picture Bibliography 3
Marriage
Man and wife from www.mfa.org/collections/search_art.asp?recvie ...
Egyptian Necklace from commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Broad_collar_... By
http://www.flickr.com/photos/unforth
Picture Bibliography 4
http://kenoath.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/relief-anubis.jpg
http://i246.photobucket.com/albums/gg90/SecretSunBlog/ra3.jpg
http://www.pagefarm.net/wiki/images/1/15/Osiris3big.jpg
http://www.maat.sofiatopia.org/inianchchnoem.jpg
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/people/childhood.htm
http://www.iw-
chameleon.co.uk/history/ancient_egypt/images/educate/scribe.jpg
http://www.albyanschool.com/image/about_egypt_clip_image001_0004.
jpg
http://www.ihistory101.net/espanol/images/anubis.jpg
http://fontes.lstc.edu/~rklein/Doc5/anubis_files/anubis4.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_q5KlmdfTujo/SHzZp6p9HTI/AAAAAAAAAY0
/w8TngWleTCE/s400/Tut%2BAnubis%2BHathor.jpg
http://www.cuesd.tehama.k12.ca.us/maywood/staff/hohenstein/images/
egypt1.jpg
Picture Bibliography 5
http://ancientegyptmoberly.pbworks.com/f/fashion4.jpg
http://aishasvisualjourney.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/sennefer-tomba
rt-7017141.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harp_from_the_New_Kingdom.
jpg
http://www.only4ukids.com/festivals/thanksgiving/graphics/egypt.jpg
http://www2.naples.k12.ny.us/6/egypt06/celebrations_files/image004.jp
g
http://www.dailygalaxy.com/photos/uncategorized/2008/05/28/soldier5_
2.jpg
http://www.ancient-
egypt.org/glossary/miscellaneous/punt_tribute_bearers.jpg
http://www.duhaime.org/Portals/duhaime/images/hieroglyphics.jpg
http://listverse.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/image-3-tm.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Egypt.Giza.Sphinx.01.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ac_papyrus.jpg
http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/willow/ancient-egypt-
history2..imagech004885_lr001785-p2010.gif