A

PRESENTATION
ON
HVDC TRANSMISSION
PRESENTED BY:
PRAKASH KUMAR
SRI GANGANAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, RAJ.
 HVDC TRANSMISSION
A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electric power
transmission system uses direct current for the bulk transmission of
electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating
current (AC) systems
The longest HVDC link in the world is currently the Xiangjiaba
Shanghai 2,071 km
HVDC allows power transmission between unsynchronized
AC transmission systems
For long-distance transmission, HVDC systems may be less
expensive and suffer lower electrical losses.
An HVDC link can be controlled independently of the phase angle
between source and load, it can stabilize a network against
disturbances due to rapid changes in power.
Various HVDC links in INDIA are:
500 kV , 1500 MW Rihand Delhi HVDC,814km
500 kV ,2000 MW, HVDC Talchar Kolar Transmission
Link, 1450km
CONVERTERS
Perform AC to DC and DC to AC conversion
HVDC converters are usually built as 12-pulse circuits.
Consist of valve bridges and transformer
SMOOTHING REACTORS
High reactors with inductance as high as 1H in series with each pole.
Decrease harmonics in voltage and current in dc lines.
Prevent commutation failure in inverter.
HARMONIC FILTERS
Converter generates harmonics in voltages and currents .These harmonics may
cause overheating of capacitors and nearby generators and interference with
Telecommunication systems, harmonic filters is used to mitigate these harmonics.
REACTIVE POWER SUPPLIER
Under steady state condition, the reactive power consumed by the converter is about
50% of the active power transferred.
Under transient conditions it could be much higher.
For a strong AC power system, this reactive power is provided by a shunt capacitor.
ELECTRODES
Electrodes are conductors that provide connection to the earth for neutral and they
have large surface to minimse current and surface voltage gradients.
MONOPOLAR LINK
BIPOLAR LINK
HOMOPOLAR LINK
MONOPOLAR LINK:
One pole, one set of conductor for transmission and
current return path is through earth.
Mainly used for submarine cable transmission
BIPOLAR LINK:
Two poles, two set of conductors in transmission line,
one positive with respect to earth & other negative.
The mid point of Bi-poles in each terminal is earthed via
an electrode line and earth electrode.
In normal condition power flows through lines &
negligible current
through earth electrode. (in order of less than 10 Amps.)
BACK TO BACK HVDC LINK:
Usually bipolar without earth return.
Converter & inverters are located at the same
place.
No HVDC Transmission line.
Provides Asynchronous tie between two
different AC network
Power transfer can be in either direction
Chandrapur, connection between western to
eastern region
MULTI-TERMINAL SYSTEM
Three or more terminals connected in parallel, some
feed power and
some receive power from HVDC Bus.
Provides Inter connection among three or more AC
network.
 Advantages of HVDC

Technical
Economic
Advantages
Advantages
 Technical Advantages

No charging current and no skin effect.

Controllability is easier .
Voltage regulation is better.
Lesser Corona Loss and Radio interference
Reversibility.
Power can be transmitted between
unsynchronized grids.
 Economic advantages
DC lines and cables are cheaper than AC.
The towers of the dc lines are narrower, simpler
and cheaper than ac.
Line losses lesser than ac.
Ground return is possible.
 Disadvantages Of HVDC
Use of converters ,filters etc increases the
overall cost
DC circuit breakers are more expensive
HVDC converters have low overloading
capacity
More maintenance is required for insulators
Voltage transformation is possible only on AC
side
COST: AC vs DC
Transmission

Line Cost AC

Line Cost DC

Terminal Cost DC

Terminal Cost AC

Break Even Distance

 APPLICATION
Deliver enargy from remote energy sources .

DC transmission conversion by increasing the capacity of

existing AC transmission.
Control of power flow.
Congested load areas are imported by electric energy.
Electric power network stabilization.
In cement industry.
For testing HVDC cables of long length.
In medical equipments (X-rays).
In communication system.