FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN KRIDA WACANA

Jl. ARJUNA UTARA NO. 6, JAKARTA 11510

Kepentingan Sistem Saraf

Pusat dan Gejala Stroke

utor: dr Danny A Hermaw

 KELOMPOK D2
Farida Tunnida (102015045)
Anggota :
Andry Susanto (102012371)
Irma Fajriah (102013354)
Yesie Manise (102014202)
Rizaldi Lukman Parmana (102015012)
Elisabeth Elida Elyus M (102015062)
Tessa Carolina (102015091)
Aqmarina Borisman (102015137)
Kabilen A/L Selvaraja (102015228)
 Skenario 12 & Problem
Synopsis

60 tahun
UGD
Keluhan:sakit kepala, rasa lemas
bagian tubuh kanan, bicara tidak
Keluhan sampingan: t.darah tinggi, koles
jelas
Diagosa: Stroke (penyempitan
pem darah) Perawatan: Menurunkan tekanan darah,
kolesterol, vit neurotropic,
diet khusus
 Unknown Word
Stroke

Disturbance in the blood circulatory system of the brain

There are two major kinds of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic.

In an ischemic stroke a blood vessel becomes blocked, usually by a blood

F = Face:Is one side of the face drooping down?

A = Arm:Can the person raise both arms, or is one arm
S = Speech:Is speech slurred or confusing?
T = Time: Time is critical!!Call 9-1-1 immediately!
 Unknown Word

Hemorrhagic

https://www.google.co.id/url?
sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi7tae96afMAhWBto4KHdw8A0kQjB0IBg&u
rl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dreamstime.com%2Fillustration
%2Fpuncture.html&bvm=bv.119745492,d.c2E&psig=AFQjCNFhi0FvY4fOBNF1Gt6iQ16uQ4J7ug&ust=1461606175811767

dural, subdural, intraparenchy

Problem Analysis
 Hypothesis

The CNS system is a very important system.

Usually the damage done to the left side
of the brain collaterally affects the right
side of the body. Stroke is an example of
disturbance it the brain circulation.
 Objectives

To be able to understand the basic

neuroscience of the body and how
illness like stroke affects these
basic functions
Division of the nervous
systems

Bioninja.com
 P1: Nerve Transmission Mechanism

a) Pathway

Bioninja.com
 Nerve Transmission Mechanism

urons in the CNS vs PNS

wann cell vs oligodendri
Proses????
I M Playing Inside Elavator

Neurium Layers 3@S

 Nerve Transmission Mechanism

) Types of neurons

Medicalexprexx.com Polarity
 Nerve Transmission Mechanism

NueroGlial??????
Types and Functions of Glial Cells
Astrocyte (Astroglia):Star-shaped cells that provide physical
and nutritional support for neurons: 1) clean up brain "debris"; 2)
transport nutrients to neurons; 3) hold neurons in place; 4) digest
parts of dead neurons; 5) regulate content of extracellular space
Microglia:Like astrocytes, microglia digest parts of dead
neurons.
Oligodendroglia:Provide the insulation (myelin) to neurons in
the central nervous system.
Satellite Cells:Physical support to neurons in the peripheral
nervous system.
Schwann Cells:Provide the insulation (myelin) to neurons in the
 Perbedaan Neuron dan Sel
Glia
Neurons have TWO "processes" called
axons and dendrites....glial cells have
only ONE.
Neurons CAN generate action
potentials...glial cells CANNOT. However,
glial cells do have a resting potential.
Neurons HAVE synapses that use
neurotransmitters...glial cells do NOT
have chemical synapses.
Nerve Transmission Mechanism

Akso-
Dendrite
Somatic
Aksonic
Serat otot
Dendro-
Dendrite
 Nerve Transmission Mechanism

Sinapsis

Bioninja.com
 Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

BROADMAN AREAS Akronchildren.com

 Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

ensory ascendant Tract Slideplayer.com

 Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

toric sensoric descendant tract

Sldeshare.com
Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

Continue
 Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

Plexus Brachialis

Spinal Nerves Wikiwand.co

Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

Britannica.com.
http://www.britannica.com/science/cranial-nerve
Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

Circle of Intechopen.com

will
Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS
Gangguan Sistem Sensorik dan Motorik

Wernicke's area(pusatbahasa)
Kesulitan berbicara, memahami pembicaraan, bingung
membedakan kiri dan kanan, sulit dalam membaca, menulis,
menamai obyek dan berhitung.
Broca's area (berbicara)
Kesulitan dalamberbicaradankadang-kadang menulis.
Parietallobusbagiankiri
Hilangnyakoordinasiantaralengankanan dan tungkai.
Daerah wajah dan anggota tubuh dari korteks
themotor pada belah kiri otak
Paralisis lengan kanan dan tungkai dan bagian kanan wajah.
Daerah wajah dan lengan dari korteks sensorik
Hilangnya sensasi lengan kanan dan bagian kananpenglihatan
pada kedua mata.
 Anatomical, Physiological and Histological understanding of CNS

Grey vs white matter

Work of Neurotransmitters

Bmeachem.co
Work of Neurotransmitters
 Work of Neurotransmitters
2 phase (anabolism and catabolism)
Kolin+Asetil Koa=Ach (En: kolin asetilase)
Ach=Asetat+kolin (En: asetilkolin
esterase)
Glutamate=GABA (En: Glutamate
Decarborcsilase + Vitamin B6)
Transduction pathway
1 M-Reseptor-2 M-Target Cells
Hormone x need 2nd massenger
 Work of Neurotransmitters
Problem: Hormones, like adrenaline
and molecule like glucagon too big!
Solution Pathway: 1st mesenger-
reseptor-Protein G (immunoglobin
binding site)- adenyl cyclase- AMP
Cyclic (2nd messenger)
Problem 2: Rapid cell growth &
mitotic cycles
Solution Pathway: 1st Messenger-
Reseptor-Guanyl Cyclase- GMP Cyclic
General Neurotransmitter Hormone
Function
Serotonergic- concentration, secreate
prolactin and stop pain transmission in
back root of the soine
Ach- motivation, perception, cognitif
thinking and lack will cause Alzeimer
Norepinefrin- secreate vasopresin and
oxytisin. When tohether with serotonergic
transmitters they contribue the food
intake rate and body themperature
Topography of Nerve Cells

Peopleekuedu.com
Topography of Nerve Cells
Topography of Nerve Cells

Function of myelin?
Jump, prevent ion
Neurotrophic Vitamins
V-B1=Tymin
MAIN
 Neurotrophic Vitamins
V-B1=Tymin

Wernicke Karkasoff???
Symptoms of Korsakoff syndrome: Wernicke encephalopathy
causes
Inability to form new memories
brain damage in
Loss of memory, can be severe lower parts of the brain
Making up stories (confabulation) called the
Seeing or hearing things that are not thalamus and
really there hypothalamus.
Korsakoff psychosis results
from
permanent damage to areas

ack of B1 and alcoholism of the brain involved with

memory.
 Neurotrophic Vitamins
B6@Pridok
sin
Glycogen from
iptofan -Niasin Liver

Coenzyme
Transaminase,
deaminase,
karbosilase
reactions

Form
Hemoglobin &
Sfingolipid
 B12@
Neurotrophic Vitamins
Kabalamin
Myelin
Coenzyme in multimalinyl KoA-
suksinyl KoA
DNA&RNA
Vegetarians Disease
Problem 1: Ileum Absorption
Decreases
Problem 2: Neurogical Problem- cells
from the epithelial layer of the
digestive tract degenerates. Can
 Konklusi

The CNS system is a very important

system. Usually the damage done
to the left side of the brain
collaterally affects the right side of
the body. Stroke is an example of
disturbance it the brain circulation.
Hypothesis accepted