8 Grade Science

th

Review
Element Atomic Atomic Protons Neutrons Electrons
Number Mass
P 15 31 15 16 15
Cl 17 35 17 18 17
Ni 28 59 28 31 28
Ag 47 108 47 61 47
H 1 1 1 0 1
Ne 10 20 10 10 10
Questions
What are subatomic particles, what are their charges, and where are they found?
a) Subatomic particles are particles that are smaller than an atom (ex: protons, neutrons,
electrons).
b) Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge.
c) Subatomic particles are found inside of an atom.
Draw a model of a Calcium atom.

How is the mass of an atom determined?

The mass of the protons and neutrons in an atom of an element is combined.
What is the smallest part of an element that still has properties of the element?
An atom is the smallest part of an element that still has properties of the element.
Questions
What determines an elements identity?
Protons determine an elements identity.
How do valence electrons determine an elements chemical properties?
Valence electrons are the only electrons involved with chemical bonding and have most energy of all
electrons in an atom, and the number of valence electrons in each atom of an element can help determine
the type and the number of bonds it can form.
How are metals, nonmetals and metalloids arranged on the periodic table?
Metals are on the left and middle, nonmetals are on the far right, and metalloids are in between them on
the right.
What are characteristics of the following:
a) Metals A metal is shiny, is easily pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets, and is a good
conductor of electricity and thermal energy.
b) Nonmetals Nonmetals have no metallic properties (ex. has no luster, not malleable), are good
insulators, and most are gases.
c) Metalloids Metalloids have physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals and they
are good semiconductors.
Questions
What does the atomic number represent?
The atomic number represents the number of protons
What do the columns and periods represent on the periodic table?
The columns, or groups, on the periodic table represent elements that have similar chemical
properties and react with other elements in similar ways. The rows, or periods, on the periodic
table represent different elements that increase in atomic number from left to right on the
table.