Tools of Innovation

Lateral Thinking
Idea generation and problem solving technique in
which new concepts are created by looking at things
in a different ways.

Vertical thinking and Lateral thinking

Lateral thinking :- UK psychologist Dr. Edward de

Bono in his 1970 book 'Lateral Thinking.'
A person uses lateral thinking to move from
one known idea to creating new ideas
Edward de Bono defines four types of thinking tools:

Idea-generating tools intended to break current

thinking patternsroutine patterns, the status
quo
Focus tools intended to broaden where to search
for new ideas
Harvest tools intended to ensure more value is
received from idea generating output
Treatment tools that promote consideration of
real-world constraints, resources, and support
 Six Thinking Hats
Six Thinking Hats is a system designed
by Edward de Bono
A tool for group discussion and individual
thinking involving six colored hats
 Managing Blue - what is the subject? what are
we thinking about? what is the goal? Can look
at the big picture.
 InformationWhite - considering
purely what information is available,
what are the facts?
 Emotions Red - intuitive or instinctive gut
reactions or statements of emotional feeling
(but not any justification)
 Discernment Black - logic applied to
identifying reasons to be cautious and
conservative, Practical, realistic.
 Optimistic response Yellow - logic applied to
identifying benefits, seeking harmony. Sees
the brighter, sunny side of situations.
 Creativity Green - statements of provocation
and investigation, seeing where a thought
goes. Thinks creatively, out of the box.
Thinking outside the box
Thinking outside the box (thinking
out of the box or thinking beyond
the box and, especially
in Australia, thinking outside the
square
A metaphor that means to think
differently, unconventionally, or
from a new perspective.
 The term is thought to derive from
management consultants in the 1970s and
1980s challenging their clients to solve the
"nine dots" puzzle, whose solution requires
some Lateral Thinking
Deductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning, also deductive
logic, logical deduction is the process
of reasoning from one or
more statements (premises) to reach
a logically certain conclusion
 An example of a deductive argument..

All men are Intelligent.

Socrates is a man.
Therefore, Socrates is Intelligent.
 A = B.
B = C.
Therefore, A = C.
 Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning (as opposed
to deductive reasoning or Abductive reasoning)
is reasoning in which the premises are viewed
as supplying strong evidence for the truth of
the conclusion
An example of an inductive argument:

All biological life forms that we know of

depend on liquid water to exist.
Therefore, if we discover a new biological life
form it will probably depend on liquid water to
exist.
 Given that "ifAis true then that
would causeB,C, andDto be true",
an example of deduction would be
"Ais true therefore we can deduce
thatB,C, andDare true".

An example of induction would be

"B,C, andDare observed to be true
thereforeAmay be true".Ais
areasonableexplanation forB,C,
andDbeing true.
 Brainstorming
A relaxed, informal approach to problem
solving with lateral thinking.
Encourages people to come up with
thoughts and ideas
Ideas can be crafted into original, creative
solutions to a problem
 Brainwriting
Brainwriting is similar to brainstorming
they're both methods for generating ideas and
solutions for a problem.
It gives everyone equal opportunity to
participate, and it enables all group members
to think without any blocking.'
 Reverse Brainstorming
Combination of
brainstormingandreversaltechniques.
One can start with one of two "reverse"
questions:
E.g. (Instead of asking, "How do I solve or
prevent this problem?" ask,"How could I
possibly cause the problem?" And instead of
asking "How do I achieve these results?"
ask, "How could I possibly achieve the
opposite effect?"
 Metaphorical Thinking

"Time is money.
 Reversal

Reversal is a good tool for

improving a product or a
service. To use it, ask the
opposite of the question you want
to ask, and apply the results.
Example
Imagine that you want to
improve the response of a service
center. Using Reversal you would
ask...
 SCAMPER
It can often be difficult to come up with new
ideas when you're trying to develop or
improve a product or service.
SCAMPER Tool
 SCAMPER is a mnemonic that stands for:

Substitute
Combine
Adapt
Modify
Put to another use
Eliminate
Reverse
 Analogical thinking
Analogical thinking is what we do when we
use information from one domain (the source
or analogy) to help solve a problem in another
domain (the target).
 Prototyping
Constructing a physical model of a concept,
solution or
Idea can help to firm up the idea, develop a
solution,
Generate options and communicate the
solution to others.