H U M AN TRAFFICKIN G

Alem
Tai
Komalaa Naaidu (MHa162014)
Asyraf
Fahmi
Introduction

Trade of human
Commonly for forced labour and sexual exploitation
Victims are abused
H istory

Can be traced back to New Kingdom of ancient Egypt

(1550-1175 BCE)
3 Types of slaves: Chattel, bonded laborers and forced
laborers
Arab Slave trade

Took place between 15th and 19th century

17 million African were enslaved
The slaves were used for domestic and military purpose
Arab Slave Trade (cont)
Atlantic slave trade

Early 21st century

10 million African were enslaved
Used as hard labour to cultivate sugarcane, tobacco and
cotton
AST leads to civil war
Atlantic Slave Trade (cont)
Im pacts of slavery on ideology
Im pacts of slavery on Africa

Lose millions of able body

Economy collapse
Leaves them vulnerable to conquest and colonization
Leads to many war and conflict
Econom y of H um an Traf f
cking
i

Generated $US150 Billion per year

For comparison Malaysia GDP in 2012 $US 314 Billion
Statistics
Trend

IJM estimated 45.8 million are held in slavery today

Most of them are woman
26% are children
Trend (cont)
Trend (cont)
S olu tion s (p ast an d cu rren t)

Solutions

Legislati Educatio
Society Religions
on n
Legislation

USA acts as the trendsetter- passed Human

Trafficking Prevention Act 2000
USA comes up with the Trafficking in Person (TIP)
Report
As the diplomatic tool to engage foreign governments on
human trafficking.
Divided into Tier 1 (best), 2, 2 Watch List and 3 (worst).
Tier 2 Watch List for 2 consecutive years downgraded
into Tier 3 for 3rd year
Tier 3 for 3 consecutive years will cause devoid of aid
from US
Trafficking in Person (TIP)
Report
2016
 Legislation (Cont.)

UN has adopted Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in

Persons, especially Women and Children (effective by end of 2003)
Marked as the beginning of anti-trafficking movement globally

Generally revolves around 3 Ps Protection, Prevention, Prosecution

Empowering other related crimes to human traffickings

application e.g. forced labour and sex slave
TVPA was reauthorized through the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act
(TVPRA) of 2003, 2005, 2008, and 2013.
Modern Slavery Act 2015 (UK)
Legislation (Cont.)

Organised a special body/department comprising of

government, NGOs, enforcement law to carry out
policies
Malaysia: Majlis Anti-Pemerdagangan Orang Dan Anti-
Penyeludupan Migran
USA: Department of State's Office to Monitor and Combat
Trafficking in Persons
Education
UN + UNESCO + OHCHR Plan of Action:
World Programme for Human Right
Education
Phase 1 (2005-2009)

Primary and secondary school

Phase 2 (2010-2014)

Higher education
Human right training (educators, government
servants, law enforcement officials and military
officers)
Phase 3 (2015-2019)

Implementation of previous two phases

Human right training for media professionals and
journalists
 Society/N G O s

More than 30 NGOs are fighting against human

trafficking issue using different approaches.
Advocate stronger law
Fight for child protection
Fight for women protection
Assisting victims
Helping implementing monitoring programme

American Bar Association and Polaris Project - NGOs

whom advocate for stronger federal and state law in
US
UNICEF, SUHAKAM, MoE, JAKIM- fighting for child
protection (UNICEF in action, 2017).
Religions
Human trafficking/ modern slavery is not well received
by any religions
Islam

Abu Huraira reported that the Prophet said, God said, I

will be an opponent to three types of people on the Day of
Resurrection: 1- One who makes a covenant in My Name,
but proves treacherous; 2- One who sells a free person
and devours his price; and 3- One who employs a labourer
and takes full work from him but does not pay him for his
labour.' (Al-Bukhari)
Religions (cont.)
As Christianity through Bible has stated

Whoever kidnaps someone must be put to death,

regardless of whether he has already sold him or the
person is found still in his possession. (Exodus 21:16)
(Corporal Punishments between the Bible and the Quran,
2017)
 Recom m endation

Educati Governme
on nt

Eradicat Awarenes
s
e Campaign
Poverty & Media
 Conclusion
Human trafficking is the worst human lives trade involving
awful and monstrous crime. It is the biggest curse of the
mankind and abuse of human rights. We are now in the era
of highest volume of trafficking with having a lowest level of
awareness. Our society is still blind and consciously blinkers
our vision. We are seems like turning away and denying this
crime exists because it is so alien to us that we lack of
empathy for the victims.
We tend to think of human trafficking as a foreign
issue, not something that could happen here in our
own back yards. But it's a fast-growing problem in
every area, with no real defined demographic.

End The Misery, Stop Human Trafficking

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