In the name of Allah the most

beneficent the merciful

Effect of Compaction on the Shear Strength Parameter of Havelian Landslide Matrix
Material

Presented by: Saad zeb

Registration # 2015-MS-GS- 03
 Introduction
Landslide is defined as the movement of a mass of rock,
debris or earth down the slope, when the shear stress
exceeds the shear strength of the material.
The behavior of land sliding has close relationship to the
slope gradient and is an important factor for triggering
landslides (Kamp et al. 2010).
 Havelian landslide
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Landsliding has become very

active in northern areas of
Pakistan due to

1) increase of pore water pressure

by saturation of slope material
from either intense or prolonged
rainfall or seepage

2) Vibrations caused by
earthquakes
 Problem Statement
Being a developing country, in Pakistan there are many research deficient areas
including
Geological studies and
Proper investigation of the major landslide events such as Havelian landslide

Due to lack of technology and resources a detailed work has not been done on the
Havelian landslide, moreover it occurred recently.

So a detailed work is warranted for complete analysis of this landslide.

Thats why this research is initiated for the detailed study of type, causes and
 Factor of Shear strength
Accordingly, Terzaghi (1950) the landslide occurrence dependent on the
distinction between internal changes within a slope; for example, factors
that induce shear strength reduction, and external causes, which give rise
to an increased shear stress
 Hazards due to landslide
Landsliding is associated with many hazards like damage to highways,
damage to infrastructure and blockage of natural river courses and loss of
human life.

However, landslides are the 7th largest killer among natural disasters
(Herath and Wang, 2009), and contributes to about 17% of mortalities
(Kjekstad and Highland, 2009).
 Research Objectives
The core objectives of the present research are

To establish causative factor of Havelian landslide

To investigate the effect of rain water infiltration on shear strength of soil

To determine the effects of compacation on matrix material of Havelian landslide

To determine the variation in the factor of safety of the landslide with respect to
increase in degree of saturation
 Data & Methodology

1. Field Investigation and Sampling

2. Laboratory testing
3. Slope modeling
 Field survey
Orientation and geometry of the Landslide
Collection of matrix samples from the exposure
In situ testing
 LAB TESTING
As per specifications of ASTM various tests will be performed on matrix
material.
Sieve analysis ,plastic limit ,liquid limit
Soil Classification,Permeability Test
Shear strength test
Proctor Density,Modified Proctor Density
Uniaxial Compressive Strength
Direct Shear Test
 Slope Modeling
The slope failure analysis will be performed using Bishops method in Slope/W
software by in putting the shear strength parameters of landslide material at in-
situ dry density along the possible failure planes.
All the required parameters for the slope/W software will be obtained from
field testing and laboratory testing for the slope modeling.
Following software would be used for analysis of landslide
Slope/W
Dips
MS Office
 Utilization of Research Outcomes
The findings of this research can be utilized in risk assessment of the other critical
sliding surfaces, which are present around the study area.

The research results of this study will also be beneficial for the future remediation
of land sliding because many landslides are frequently triggered under the quite
similar conditions in Murree, Muzaffarabad and Kohala regions, Garhi-Dopatta
and Northern areas of Pakistan (Ali Z,. et al 2012)
 Research time table
Time (week)
Work Flow 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16

Literature Survey

Data Collection

Lab Testing

Slope Failure Analysis

Compilation of Thesis

Viva Voce
 References

1)Ahmed, M. F., Rogers, J. D., & Farooq, K. (2012). Impacts of saturation on rainfall-triggered slope failures at the
Simbal Landslide, Pakistan, Proceedings 46th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, Chicago,
American Rock Mechanics Association, Paper 12-551.

2)Ali, Z. and Saeed, A. (2012) Geotechnical Studies of Dewal Landslide along Murree Muzaffarabad Road,
Pakistan. B.S. Thesis, Institute of Geology, University of the Punjab, Lahore.
3)Herath, S., Wang, Y., 2009. Case Studies and National Experiences. In: Sassa, K., Canuti, P. (Eds.), Landslides
Disaster Risk Reduction. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 475497.
4)Khan, A.N. (2000) Landslide Hazard and Policy Response in Pakistan: A Case Study of Murree, Pakistan. Science
Vision, 6, 35-48.
 5) Rogers, J. D., Ahmed, M. F., (2013) Discussion of Risk Factors for Triggering of Rockslide
Avalanche Dams in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan and Mitigation Strategies, 47th US Rock
Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium held in San Francisco, CA, USA, 23-26 June 2013

6) Terzaghi, K. (1950). Mechanism of landslides, in Application of Geology to Engineering

Practice. Berkley Vol. Geological Society of America, 83-123

7) Li, T., Wang, S., 1992.Landslide Hazards and their Mitigation in China. Science Press, Beijing