E
Zaulda
INTRODUCTI
Drainage is used to ON
control ponding at the
soil surface, to control
waterlogging in the
soil, and to avoid
salinization.
INTRODUCTI
Drainage is the ON
removal of excess
water and dissolved
salts from the surface
and subsurface of the
land in order to
enhance crop growth.
INTRODUCTI
Drainage is the ON
removal of excess
water and dissolved
salts from the surface
and subsurface of the
land in order to
enhance crop growth.
INTRODUCTI
Two types of drainage can be ON
identified:
1. Land Drainage:
This is large scale drainage
where the objective is to drain
surplus water from a large area
by such means as excavating
large open drains, erecting
dykes and levees and pumping.
Such schemes are necessary in
INTRODUCTI
Two types of drainage can be ON
identified:
2. Field Drainage:
This is the drainage that
concerns us in agriculture. It is
the removal of excess water
from the root zone of crops.
Need for drainage
Three Components
1) Field Drainage System
prevents ponding water on the field and/or controls the
water table
a network that gathers the excess water from the land by
means of field drains, possibly supplemented by measures
to promote the flow of water to these drains
the most important component for the farmers
COMPONENTS OF A DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Three Components
2) Main Drainage System
conveys the water away from the farm
water-conveyance system that receives water from the
field drainage systems, surface runoff and groundwater
flow, and transports it to the outlet
consists of some collector drains and a main drainage
canal
COMPONENTS OF A DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Three Components
3) Outlet
the point where the drainage water is led out of the area
the terminal point of the entire drainage system, from
where the drainage water is discharged into a river, a
lake, or a sea
can be one of two kinds: a gravity outlet or a pumping
station
Different Types of Drainage
Land grading
Bedding
Land planning
Surface Drainage
3) PUMP DRAINAGE
Ditches can be used to remove excess ground
and surface water
Cheaper to install
Deep ditches restrict machinery operations
Loss of up to 10% land with ditches
Higher maintenance required to maintain good
grade for discharge
Sub-Surface Drainage