TEKNIK ANALISIS KUALITATIF

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS UTILIZES TWO KINDS OF TEST

1. REAKSI KERING : ANALISIS SAMPEL PADAT
2. REAKSI BASAH : ANALISIS SAMPEL LARUTAN

1. REAKSI KERING :
A. UJI NYALA

The flame test is used to visually determine the identity of an unknown metal
of an ionic salt based on the characteristic colour the salt turns the flame of a
bunsen burner. A thin wire attached to a metallic or wooden handle is used
for these tests.
The wire can now be dipped into the material to be tested, then placed in the
clear or blue part of the flame and the resulting color is observed
 METAL CATIONS FLAME TEST COLOUR
LITHIUM CRIMSON RED
SODIUM YELLOW-ORANGE
POTASSIUM PALE LILAC
CALCIUM BRICK RED
BARIUM GREEN
2. WET REACTIONS : THE TEST CARRIED OUT IN SOLUTION
A REACTION IS KNOWN TO TAKE PLACE (A) BY FORMATION OF PRECIPITATE, (B) BY
THE EVOLUTION OF GAS, (C) BY A CHANGE OF COLOUR.
MAJORITY OF REACTION OF QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS HELD IN THE WET REACTIONS

Systematic analysis of an inorganic salt involves the following steps :

1. Preliminary examination of solid salt and its solution

2. Determination of anions by reactions carried out in solution (wet tests) and

confirmatory test

3. Determination of cations by reactions carried out in solution (wet tests) and

confirmatory test
1. UJI ANION

TES DENGAN ASAM SULFAT ENCER

Untuk ion Karbonat (CO32-), Sulfida (S2-), Sulfit (SO32-), Nitrit (NO2-), Asetat (CH3COO-)
Ion-ion tersebut diatas jika direaksikan dengan asam sulfat encer menghasilkan gas
TES DENGAN ASAM SULFAT PEKAT
TES UNTUK SULFAT DAN POSFAT

If no positive test is obtained in Steps-I and II, then tests for the presence of
sulphate and phosphate ions are performed.
2. TEST FOR CATIONS IN SOLUTION

PRECIPITATE WITH SODIUM HIDROXIDE

METAL CATIONS OBSERVATIONS

CALCIUM WHITE PRICIPITATE OF CALCIUM HIDROXIDE
MAGNESIUM WHITE PRICIPITATE OF MAGNESIUM HIDROXIDE
ALUMINIUM WHITE PRICIPITATE OF ALUMINIUM HIDROXIDE
(REDISOLVED WITH EXCESS SODIUM HIDROXIDE)
COPER (II) PALE BLUE PRECIPITATE OF COPPER (II)
HIDROXIDE
IRON (II) GREEN PRECIPITATE OF IRON (II) HIDROXIDE
IRON (III) BROWN PRECIPITATE OF IRON (III) HIDROXIDE
Qualitative Analysis of Cations In Solution