EAH 225
Mohd Remy Rozainy Mohd Arif Zainol
MASTER, 2008: USM
Water circulation
D2
AA AA
600
s
h
D11
s Submergence (a) (b) c
Floor
Class A:
A small dimple in
the free surface
Class B:
A more defined
dimple in the free
surface
Class C:
A well defined
cone
Class D:
A cone shaped
hole with air
bubbles breaking
away
Class E:
A continuous
passage of air
into pump suction
upstream
Flow
Surface vortex
Floor Type 5
Sidewall 1 Sidewall 2
(b)
Suction intake
downstream
(a) Subsurface
vortex
(c)
CFD: FLUENT
software
PhD, 2012: KYOTO
UNIVERSITY
DISSOLVE AIR FLOTATION (DAF) TANK
Raw
Water
+
Coagul
ant
Inlet Conta Separa
ct tion
Zone Zone
Clarifie
d
water
outlet
Saturat
ed air
inlet
THE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)
Consultation works
Graduate Assistant
School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus
November 2004 until 2008
1.Research Contract by Ebara Pump (M) Sdn Bhd Pump Model testing for Sg. Dua
Pumping Station Package 4, Penang.
2.Research contract by Ocean Electrical Engineering Co. Sdn Bhd Pump Sump
Modelling Test for Water Supply in Muda River Scheme.
3. Involved in consultancy work of Pump Sump model test for Gurun Pump Station.
4.Research Contract by Salcon Engineering Berhad Pump Sump Modelling Test for
Water Supply in Hilir Perak.
5.Research Contract By Era Pump Sdn Bhd Pump Sump Model Testing For Hulu
Terengganu Water Supply Project Stage 1
6. Involved in consultancy work of Pump Sump model test for Gurun Pump Station.
7.Research contract by Ocean Electrical Engineering Co. Sdn Bhd Inlet Channel Model
Testing for Lahar Tiang Pumping Station.
8.Involved in consultancy work of Pump Sump Physical Modeling (Joint Collaboration of
Drainage and Irrigation Department (DID) and USM).
9.Research and Development Project on Physical Modeling Design Enhancement of
Tenom Station Trash Diverter, Sabah.
10. Involved in consultancy work of Pump Sump Physical Modeling (Pasir Mas, Kelantan)
Leonhard Euler
Incompressible Compressible
Fluid Fluid
Power Generating Hydraulic Turbines Steam/Gas/wind
Machines Turbines
Power Consuming Pumps/ Impeller Fan/blowers/
Machines Compressors
What is the difference between Compressible Fluids
and Incompressible Fluids?
A Turbo-machine
The Ancient Design : Undershot Water Wheel : 4000BC
SOME TYPES OF WIND TURBINES: HAWT
Various Types of Modern Turbomachine
Classification : Flow Path
https://www.youtu https://www.yout
be.com/watch?v=Jd ube.com/watch?v=
5BN7SPkqI ZlrFMmGs_NI
Pelton turbine Cavitation
Screw pump (Archemedies)
Screw pump has a structure same like a screw.
The whole construction of the spindle is like a
archimedes screw and this spindle is responsible for the
pumping action of the pump.
normally the screw pump is used
for pumping the high viscous fluids
or 2 - 3 fluid phases.
this pump requires least maintenances
and therefore, is a potential device for
increasing the pressure
Easy maintenance (no 'high skilled' staff required)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=1Nm0aaCZ4iY
Why So Many?
Why so many different types of
either pumps (impellers) or turbines
are in use ?
Is it due to (almost) infinite range of
service requirements?
As a fact, for a given set of
operating/resource requirements ,
there should be only one type of
pump or turbine which is best suited
to provide best/optimum
performance.
Classification of Turbo-machines
Two main categories of turbo-machine are identified:
Firstly, those which absorb power to increase the fluid
pressure or head (fans, compressors and pumps);
Secondly, those that produce power by expanding fluid to
a lower pressure or head (hydraulic, steam and gas
turbines).
(a) Francis turbine; Kaplan turbine and Impulse turbine
Kaplan turbine
Francis turbine
Impulse turbine
Classification : Flow Path
Francis Turbine
Impeller
Important Equations
Example
1. An inward flow reaction has inlet and outlet
diameters of 1.2 m and 0.6 m respectively. The
breadth at inlet is 0.25 m and at outlet it is 0.35
m. At a speed of rotation of 250rpm, the relative
velocity at entrance is 3.5 m/s and is radial.
Calculate the:
Lp
L
1
Lp L
m1
Fp Fp F F
m2
2 m1 m2
1 2
F L
Fp Lp
m3 m3
Prototype
3 3 Model
Model Analysis
Model Analysis is actually an experimental method of finding
solutions of complex flow problems.
Geometric Similarity
Kinematic Similarity
Dynamic Similarity
The principle of similarity
Three necessary conditions for complete similarity between
a model and a prototype.
(1) Geometric similaritythe model must be the same
shape as the prototype, but may be scaled by some
constant scale factor.
(2) Kinematic similaritythe velocity at any point in the
model flow must be proportional (by a constant scale
factor) to the velocity at the corresponding point in the
prototype flow
Qp
Qm 2.5
Length = 1:10 S
Velocity = 1: 3.16
1284
Flow = 1:316 Qm 2.5
10
Qm 4.06 L / s