PERTUSIS

Anindita Athaya Putri

03012025

PEMBIMBING :
dr. Rivai Usman, Sp.A.
PERTUSSIS (WHOOPING COUGH)

Cough of 100 days

Whooping cough: whooping sound made when
gasping for air after a fit of coughing
 Definisi

Pertusis adalah infeksi saluran pernafasan akut yang disebabkan oleh

bordetella pertusis, nama lain penyakit ini adalah tussis Quinta,
whooping cough, batuk rejan.
 Patofisiologi

The organism get attached to the respiratory cilia and toxin causes
paralysis of cilia

muocopurulent-sanguineous exudate forms in the respiratory tract

-This exudate predisposes to atelectasis, cough, cyanosis and

pneumonia -Organism causes local tissue damage and systemic effects
mediated through its toxin
Patofisiologi
 Diagnosis

Anamnesis

Pemeriksaan
Fisik

Pemeriksaan
Penunjang
 Anamnesis
Batuk terus-menerus yang diakhiri dengan whoop yang
berlangsung s/d 1-10 minggu

Perjalanan penyakit terbagi dalam 3 fase:

Kataralis (1-2 minggu)
batuk mulanya pada malam hari, pilek, anoreksia
spasmodik (2-4 mg)
batuk makin kuat & terus-menerus, gelisah, muka merah,diakhiri bunyi whoop. Anak dpt
terkencing-kencing bahkan sampai mata merah/mimisan. Tertawa/menangis dpt memicu batuk
fase penyembuhan/konvancelled (1-2 mg)
ditandai dg berhentinya bunyi whoop&muntah. Batuk biasanya masih & hilang dalam 2-3 mgg
 Pemeriksaan penunjang
Pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan leukositosis 20.000-
50.000/L dengan limfosistosis absolut khas pada akhir stadium
kataral dan selama stadium paroksismal
Culture: gold standard pada fase catarrhal.
PCR: most sensitive to diagnose; can be done even after antibiotic
exposure. It should always be used in addition with cultures
Direct fluorescent antibody testing: low sensitivity and variable
specifity
 TREATMENT

1. Avoidance of irritants, smoke, noise and other cough

promoting factors
2. Antibiotics: effective only if started early in the course of
illness. Erythromycin (40-50 mg/kg/day 6 hrly orally for 2
weeks or Azithromycin 10 mg/kg for 5 days in children<6
months and for children>6 months 10 mg/kg on day 1,
followed by 5mg/kg from day2-5 or Clarithromycin 15
mg/kg 12 hrly for 7 days
3. Supplemental oxygen, hydration, cough mixtures and
bronchodilators (in individual cases)
 Pencegahan

All household contacts should be given

erythromycin for 2 weeks
Children <7 years of age not completed the
four primary dose should complete the same
at the earliest
Children <7 years of age completed primary
vaccination but not received the booster in
the last 3 years have to be given a single
booster dose
VACCINE
Terima Kasih