DATABASE OBJECTS

DATABASE OBJECTS
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS

WHAT IS A VIEWS

A VIEW

Is a logical table based on another table.

Contains no data of its own.

Is like a Window through which data can be viewed or changed

Tables on which View is based are called BASE TABLES

View is stored as a select statement in the data dictionary.

dictionary
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Why Use Views
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
TYPES OF VIEWS

Simple views & Complex Views

 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Syntax:
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Simple View

SQL> CEATE VIEW emp_v1

AS
SELECT ename,job,sal ,deptno
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=10;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Creating View Using Column Aliases

SQL> CEATE VIEW emp_v2

AS
SELECT ename,job,sal*12 Ann_Sal
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=20;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Retrieving Data From View

SQL> SELECT * FROM emp_v2

 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Modifying a View
SQL> CEATE OR REPLACE VIEW emp_v2
AS
SELECT ename,job,sal*12 Ann_Sal
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=10
AND sal>2000;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Creating A Complex View
SQL> CEATE OR REPLACE VIEW emp_v2
AS
SELECT a.ename,b.ename manager
FROM emp a,emp b
WHERE e.mgr=b.empno
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Using WITH CHECK OPTION
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Using WITH CHECK OPTION

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW dept_v1

AS
SELECT *
FROM dept
WHERE deptno=10
WITH CHECK OPTION;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Using WITH READ ONLY
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
Using WITH READ ONLY

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW dept_v1

AS
SELECT *
FROM dept
WHERE deptno=10
WITH READ ONLY;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - VIEWS
REMOVING A VIEW
Syntax

SQL> DROP VIEW <VIEW NAME>;

SQL> DROP VIEW emp_v2;

DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
Syntax:
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
Creating A Sequence
SQL> CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq
INCREMENT BY 10
START WITH 100
MAXVALUE 1000
CACHE 30
NOCYCLE;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
Verifying Sequences

SQL> SELECT Sequence_name,max_value,min_value,

increment_by,last_number
FROM USER_SEQUENCES
WHERE sequence_name=DEPT_SEQ;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
NEXTVAL AND CURRVAL PSEUDO COLUMNS
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
Using A Sequence
SQL> INSERT INTO dept
VALUES(dept_seq.nextval,EXECUTIVE,DELHI)

SQL> SELECT dept_seq.currval

FROM dual;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
USING SEQUENCES
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
Modifying A Sequence
SQL> ALTER SEQUENCE dept_seq
INCREMENT BY 20
MAXVALUE 2000
CACHE 30
CYCLE;
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SEQUENCES
Removing A Sequence

SQL> DROP SEQUENCE dept_seq;

DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
 DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
How Are Indexes Created
 DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
Creating An INDEX
Syntax
 DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
Creating An INDEX
SQL> CREATE INDEX emp_ind1
ON emp(ename);
 DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
When To Create An INDEX
 DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
When Not To Create An INDEX
 DATABASE OBJECTS - INDEXES
Conforming Indexes

Removing Indexes
SQL> DROP INDEX emp_ind1;
DATABASE OBJECTS - SYNONYMS
 DATABASE OBJECTS - SYNONYMS
Creating And Droping Synonyms