ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION
TIME and CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP

PREPARED BY:
IHDZAR AZIZI, MA. TESOL.
 ADVERBIAL CLAUSE (AC)?

ACs are used to add information. They are dependent which

means that they cannot stand alone as a sentence. They must
be connected to independent clauses.
ACs digunakan untuk memberi informasi tambahan. ACs
tidak bisa berdiri sendiri seperti kalimat/dengan kata lain
bergantung pada Klausa Inti/Induk untuk mendapatkan makna
yang utuh.
Adverbial clauses consist of at least a subject and a
predicate/verb.
Example: When she was trying to reach the vase.
 1. HURUF (BUNYI)
2. SUKU KATA
3. KATA
4. FRASE
5. KLAUSA
6. KALIMAT
7. PARAGRAF
8. TEKS
9. WACANA = DISKURSUS
 THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF ADVERBIAL
CLAUSE:
1. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES to SHOW TIME RELATIONSHIP.
2. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES to SHOW CAUSE and EFFECT
RELATIONSHIP.
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE TO SHOW TIME RELATIONSHIP

AFTER (later than = setelah beberapa saat)

After Ira graduates from high school, she will continue her studies at a
university.
BEFORE (earlier than = sebelum)
Please lock the door before you leave.
WHEN (at the time that = ketika/saat)
When I arrived home, my sister was having dinner.
WHILE (during the time that = bersamaan dengan/ketika)
My father is reading newspaper while my mother is cooking.
AS SOON AS (at the moment that = sesaat setelah)
I will let you know as soon as I finish doing this task.
 ADVERBIAL CLAUSE TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT
RELATIONSHIP

BECAUSE ( may precede or follow the independent clause = dapat

mendahului atau mengikuti klausa inti)
BECAUSE we have nothing left in the refrigerator, we
should go to the supermarket to buy our daily needs.
We should go to the supermarket to buy our daily needs
BECAUSE we have nothing left in the refrigerator.
 ADVERBIAL CLAUSE TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT
RELATIONSHIP

SINCE and AS (means because, they usually precede

the independent clause = SINCE dan AS biasanya muncul
sebelum klausa inti).
Example:
Since Tio is not interested in Jazz music, he will not
go to the concert.
As Ela has a driving license, she can ride her
motorcycle to school.
 MODAL AUXILIARIES
Modal auxiliaries generally express a speakers attitudes or
moods. They can express that a speaker feels something is
necessary, advisable, permissible, possible or probable

(Kata bantu Modal secara umum mengekspresikan sikap atau

suasana hati pembicara. MODAL digunakan untuk
menggambarkan/menyampaikan perasaan pembicara dalam
hal: kebutuhan, saran, izin, dan kemungkinan.
 CAN AND COULD
CAN
To express ability, possibility and a request
To ask for permission

COULD
To express polite request.
To indicate the ability existed in the past but doesnt exist now.
 EXAMPLES:
Damar can play a guitar, but he cant sing. (ability)
You can enjoy surfing on that beach. (possibility)
Can you turn the radio down? (a request)
Can I use the phone? (permission)

Could you send these packages? (a polite request)

Meliana could run fast when she was young. (Ability
exist I the past)
 WILL AND WOULD
WILL
To show an action in the future.
To express a prediction and request.

WOULD
To express an action that was repeated regularly in the past.
To express polite request.
To offer something.
 EXAMPLES
We will visit uncle in Palembang next holiday. (action in the
future)
It will be sunny tomorrow. (Prediction)
Will you accompany me to the bookstore? (a request)

My friends and I would play traditional games after school,

but now we prefer playing computer games. (Action
repeated in the past)
Would you take me home? (a polite request)
 MAY AND MIGHT
MAY
To show possibility.
To give permission.
To ask for permission.

MIGHT
To show possibility
To ask for permission
 EXAMPLES:
This coat may be Sarahs. (show possibility)
You may leave the room. (Give permission)
May I wash my hands? (ask permission)

Adi might be in the library. (show possibility)

Might I join your group? (ask permission; rare)
 SHALL AND SHOULD

SHALL
To show future activities (for I and We)
To make suggestions

SHOULD
To give advice
 EXAMPLE

We shall discuss this matter this afternoon. (future

activitity)
Shall we turn on the AC? (suggestion)

You should not consume junk food. (give advice)

 MUST

MUST
To express obligation and necessity
To show probability.

Example:
You must not litter in the park. (obligation)
The students must take their membership cards.
(necessity)

 EXERCISE

GO TO PAGE 64 part E and A

PAGE 65 part B
 E

1. my father was promoted to lead his

companys branch office there
2. he graduated from university
3. it was opened last month
4. I was at a supermarket
5. he came
 A
1. Wed better not eat outside because it is raining
heavily. I will cook noodles and fry omelettes.
2. Since the final exams are over, we can relax by having
a trip.
3. You may not talk to your friends during the test. You may
not leave the room before the bell rings.
4. Im sorry for not answering your call. I was having a bath
when you called.
5. Im sorry. I may be late coming because I have a science
course at 3:30 p.m. I will head for your house as soon as
I finish the course.
 B
1. Can I have an apple, please?
2. Sir, could you please explain this formula? I do not
understand it.
3. Could you pass me the ketchup, please?
4. You should move to a front desk.
5. Can you wait a moment, please? I will help you as
soon as I finish sweeping the floor.