INTRODUCTION TO WORLD

RELIGION AND BELIEF SYSTEM

ATTENDANCE
NEWS UPDATE
Don't be religious, Be Spiritual
Webster's definition of religion

Any specific system of

belief, worship, conduct,
etc., involving a code of
ethics and a philosophy
Wikipedias definition of religion

Religion is a cultural
system of behaviors and
practices, world views, sacred texts,
holy places, ethics, and societal
organisation that relate humanity to
what an anthropologist has called
"an order of existence".
2 ways of defining religion as a
social reality

1. Substantive, which is
concerned with the constitutes
religion.
2. Functional, which is
concerned with the social
consequences of religion.
Substantive

Religion involves
belief and practices
which assume the
existence of
supernatural beings.
Functional

Unified system of beliefs

and practices relative to sacred
things, that is to say, things set a
part and forbidden-beliefs and
practices which unite into one
single moral community.
-Emile Durkheim (2001)
SO WHAT DEFINITION
OF RELIGION MUST WE
ADOPT?
From the point view of the social
sciences?
Religion is a system of beliefs and
practices by which a group of people
interprets and responds to what they
feel is sacred and usually
supernatural as well
-Johnstone 2004,13
DIFFERENTIATE RELIGION FROM:
A. SPIRITUALITY
B. THEOLOGY
C. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
Spirituality
The quality or state of
being concerned with
religion or religious matters:
the quality and state of
being spiritual.
Theology
The study of religious

faith,practice and
experience: the study of
God and Gods relation to
the world.
Theology
Theology is the critical study

of the nature of the divine. It

is taught as an academic
discipline, typically in
universities, seminaries and
schools of divinity
Theology
Theology translates into English

from the Greek theologia which

derived from heos meaning
"God," and -logia meaning
"utterances, sayings, or oracles"
Philosophy
The study of ideas about
knowledge, truth, the nature
and meaning of life.etc.
A set of ideas about how to

do something or how to live.

 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion is an Spirituality is born in
institution established a person and
by man for various develops in the
reasons. Exert person
control, instill
morality, stroke egos,
or whatever it does.
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion has a Spirituality invites
dogmatic and you to reason it
unquestionable all, to question it
assembly of rules all and to decide
that need to be your actions and
followed without assume the
question consequences
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion does Spirituality
not questions
investigate everything
and does not
question
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion gives Spirituality gives
you the light to
you promises find God in your
for the after- inner self, in this
life life, in the present,
in the here and
the now
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion Being spiritual
focuses on
focuses on what pleases
what pleases God
man.
 26Kung ang sinoman ay nagiisip na siya'y relihioso
samantalang hindi pinipigil ang kaniyang dila,
kundi dinadaya ang kaniyang puso, ang relihion ng
taong ito ay walang kabuluhan. 27Ang dalisay na
relihion at walang dungis sa harapan ng ating Dios
at Ama ay ito, dalawin ang mga ulila at mga
babaing bao sa kanilang kapighatian, at
pagingatang walang dungis ang kaniyang sarili sa
sanglibutan.
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion spirituality
involves the
involves whole being-
emotions Spirituality
and involves one's total
self in his/her
externals relationship to
God
2 Corinthians 8:3-6

3 For I testify that according to their ability, and

beyond their ability, they gave of their own
accord, 4 begging us with much urging for
the favor [a]of participation in the [b]support of
the [c]saints, 5 and this, not as we had [d]expected,
but they first gave themselves to the Lord and to us
by the will of God. 6 So we urged Titus that as he
had previously made a beginning, so he would also
complete in you this gracious work as well
2 Corinthians 8:3-6

6Ano pa't namanhik kami kay Tito, na yamang

siya'y nagpasimula nang una, ay siya na rin ang
gumanap sa inyo ng biyayang ito.7Datapuwa't
yamang kayo'y nagsisisagana sa lahat ng mga
bagay, sa pananampalataya, at pananalita, at
kaalaman, at sa buong kasipagan, at sa inyong
pagibig sa amin ay magsisagana naman kayo sa
biyayang ito. 8Hindi ako nangungusap na tulad sa
naguutos, kundi gaya ng sumusubok sa
pamamagitan ng kasipagan ng iba ang katapatan
naman ng inyong pagibig.
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion spirituality follows
God's standards
follows
man's
standards
 Mangagingat kayo na huwag magsigawa ng katuwiran
sa harap ng mga tao, upang kanilang makita: sa ibang
paraan ay wala kayong ganti ng inyong Ama na nasa
langit.2Kaya nga pagka ikaw ay naglilimos, ay huwag
kang tutugtog ng pakakak sa harap mo, na gaya ng
ginagawa ng mga mapagpaimbabaw sa mga
sinagoga at sa mga daan, upang sila'y mangagkapuri
sa mga tao. Katotohanang sinasabi ko sa inyo,
Tinanggap na nila ang sa kanila'y ganti.3Datapuwa't
pagka ikaw ay naglilimos, ay huwag maalaman ng
iyong kaliwang kamay ang ginagawa ng iyong kanang
kamay: 4Upang ang iyong paglilimos ay malihim: at
ang iyong Ama na nakakikita sa lihim ay gagantihin ka.
Matthew 6:5-8

5 And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for

they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on
the street corners to be seen by others. Truly I tell you,
they have received their reward in full. 6 But when you
pray, go into your room, close the door and pray to
your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees
what is done in secret, will reward you. 7 And when you
pray, do not keep on babblinglike pagans, for they
think they will be heard because of their many
words. 8 Do not be like them, for your Father knows
what you needbefore you ask him.
Matthew 6:5-8
6Datapuwa't ikaw, pagka ikaw ay mananalangin,
pumasok ka sa iyong silid, at kung mailapat mo na ang
iyong pinto, ay manalangin ka sa iyong Ama na nasa
lihim, at ang iyong Ama na nakakikita sa lihim ay
gagantihin ka.
7At sa pananalangin ninyo ay huwag ninyong gamitin
ang walang kabuluhang paulitulit, na gaya ng
ginagawa ng mga Gentil: sapagka't iniisip nilang dahil
sa kanilang maraming kasasalita ay didinggin
sila. 8Huwag nga kayong magsigaya sa kanila:
sapagka't talastas ng inyong Ama ang mga bagay na
inyong kinakailangan, bago ninyo hingin sa kaniya.
 Spirituality/ Being
Religion /Religious Spiritual
Religion spirituality follows
God's standards
follows
man's
standards
Religion /Religious Theology
Any specific Theology is the
system of belief, study of God and
worship, conduct, (formal) religions
etc., involving a
code of ethics and
a philosophy."
Religion /Religious Theology
religion as theology as a
humans way study of
to God, Gods way to
humans
Religion /Religious Theology
Religious studies In Theological
the dialogue studies students are
between personal encouraged to let
faith and their faith and their
scholarship interact
academic work is
and inform one
at best seen as a another,
private affair.
Religion /Religious Philosophy of
Religion
Religion involves Philosophy of
belief and religion is the
practices which philosophical study
assume the of the meaning and
nature of religion
existence of
supernatural
beings.
Religion /Religious Philosophy of
Religion
Religion involves It includes the
belief and analyses of religious
practices which concepts, beliefs,
assume the terms, arguments,
and practices of
existence of
religious adherents
supernatural
beings.
Religion /Religious Philosophy of
Religion
Religion as philosophy as a
humans way to reflection of humans
God lived experience of
God
Religion as humans way to
God, theology as a study of
Gods way to humans and
philosophy as a reflection of
humans lived experience of
God