CONSTRUCTIVE PROCESSES IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Ximena Falla Lecc

 CONSTRUCTIV
E PROCESSES
IN CIVIL
ENGINEERING

Planning system

Development System
 Planning
system

Previous
terrain
recognition

Review of Comparison Direct

available with studies observation
maps in the in adjacent of the
area. areas. terrain.
 Studies of
soil
mechanics
.
Environme
Planning Preliminar ntal
system y studies impact
study.
Topograph
ic study.
 Planning system

Basic Project of
project execution
The basic formulation of
They contain the design,
the project is done, which
blueprints, detailed
consists of the design of
specifications, temporary
plants and elevations,
programming of project
without determining the
execution and budget.
exact dimensioning.
DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
 Provisional
constructions and
preliminary works

Provisional Provisional
installations Preliminary works
constructions

Offices Dressing rooms Water Drainage

Guard stalls

Telephone and
Warehouses Dining rooms Hygienic services Electric power communication
installation

Perimeter fences Constructions

poster
 The stroke is the
process of defining
and measuring in a
terrain the
dimensions of the
construction site.

Strokes,
levels and
The stakeout is the
operation that aims
to transfer to the
stakeout The leveling
consists in
establishing a
terrain the permanent
dimensions and reference level
shapes indicated in during the
the blueprints. construction.
 Excavations

The excavation of ditches will be

carried out so that the trenches
allow the foundations to have the
dimensions and reach the depths
specified in the blueprints.

Manual Mechanics
Cuts: The cuts are open-pit excavations in the natural terrain
to reach the level specified in the blueprint.
Fillings: Filling is the work carried out in the construction to
raise the elevation of the natural profile of the terrain, or
restore a level after excavation.
Foundations: Part of the structure that allows the transmission
of the loads that act, towards the ground or the underlying
rock.
Upon - foundations: Structural elements are found above the
foundations and serve as a link between the wall and the
foundation.
Columns Beams
The columns are structural
elements that serve to support
axial loads that come from the
Linear constructional element
factorized loads of all the
that works mainly in bending.
mezzanines or roofs,
producing in them
compression and tension.

The bending stress causes

tension and compression,
producing the maximum
values in the lower and upper
cord.
 Slabs

Solid slabs Lightened Slabs

These are slabs of flat

or curved surfaces, These are slabs made
made up of concrete of concrete joists and
in all its thickness and light filler elements.
extension.
 They have the structural
function, they support
loads of other structural
Supporting walls
elements such as arches,
vaults, beams, joists and
roof.
Masonry walls
Only act as enclosure and
divisions. These walls do
Non-bearing walls not support loads due to
the material with which
they are built.