International crime
Obviously, the Internet (I-way) and
International crime are fundamental related as
the Internet backbone connects all online
computer networks worldwide to each other.
Digital crime in all forms is likely to
increase dramatically in the 21st Century, as
globalization of computer networks continues,
accompanied by dramatically increase access
to these networks.
Criminologist, criminal justice officers, and
computer security personnel need to prepare
how to be able to meet these treat. However,
until recently it has been difficult to even
categorize digital crime adequately so that
analyst and practitioners can discuss this
phenomenon intelligently. Phrases such as
computer crime, network crime, internet crime
and information crime have all been
employed, often times without specificity, to
describe digital crime.
The Internet is overwhelmingly a power for good.
It provide cheap and easy access every
moment of everyday to vast reservoir
information and entertainment and it is
transforming the nature of commerce and
government, but there is a dark side to
Internet. It would be nave to deny it and
alarmist to exaggerate it. Crime on the Net
takes many forms including hacking, viruses,
fraud, scams, money laundering, industrial
espionage, prostitution, certain forms of
gambling, drug abuse, drug smuggling,, suicide
assistance, defamatory allegations, cyber
stalking, cyber terrorism and actual terrorism.
International cybercrimes challenges the
effectiveness of domestic and international
law and law enforcement. Because existing
laws in many countries are not tailored to
deal with cybercrime, criminals increasingly
conducts crimes on the Internet in order to
take advantages of the less severe
punishments or difficulties of being traced.
The inherently transnational nature of the
internet fits perfectly into this model of
activity and the effort to maximize profits
within an acceptable degree of risk.
In the virtual world, there is no borders, a
characteristics that make it very attractive for
criminal activity. When authorities attempt to
police this virtual world , however , borders and
national jurisdictions loom large making
extensive investigation slow and tedious, at best,
and impossible, at worst. The Internet itself
provides opportunities for various kind of theft,
whether from online banks or of intellectual
property. But also offer new means of committing
such as fraud, and offers new vulnerabilities
relating to communication and data that provide
attractive for extortion, a crime that has always
been a staple of mafia org.
The anonymity of the internet also makes it an
ideal channel and instrument for many
organized crime activities. The notion of a
criminal underworld connotes a murkiness or
lack of transparency. Secrecy is usually a
key part of organized crime strategy and the
Internet offers excellent opportunities for its
maintenance .Organized crime does not
need to develop technical expertise about
Internet. It can hire those in the hacking
community who do have the expertise,
ensuring through a mixture of rewards and
threats that they carry out their assigned
task effectively and efficiently.
The Transnational organize Crime (TOC)
networks are increasingly involved in
cybercrime, which costs consumers billions
of dollars annually, threatens sensitive
corporate and government computer
networks and undermines worldwide
confidence in the international financial
system. Through cybercrime, transnational
criminal organizations pose a significant
threat to financial and trust systems-banking,
stock markets, e-currency and value and
credit cards services- on which the world
economy depends.
The UK case, in March 2001, Donald Ridley
pleaded guilty to 25 offenses relating to
internet stalking and pornography. He
conducted a campaign against a young
woman, whom he meet six years
previously when she was 17, by setting up
a Web site which invited strangers to rape
and abuse here. At one point, his victim
was receiving around 30 e-mails a day
from people who had seen the site and a
number even turned up at her home.
Ridley was sentenced to seven and a half
years in prison.
Internet related crimes as
transnational crime
Hacker- a slang term for a computer enthusiast, a
person who enjoys learning programming languages
and computer systems and can often be consider an
expert on the subjects. Among professional
programmers, depending on how it used, the term
can be either complimentary or derogatory, although
it is developing an increasingly derogatory
connotation. The pejorative sense of hacker is
becoming more prominent largely because the
popular press has scoopted the term to refer to
individuals who gain unauthorized access to
computer systems for the purpose of stealing and
corrupting data. Hackers, themselves, maintain that
the proper term for such individuals is cracker.
Crack