(CDB 3033)
Momentum Transport
Course Outcomes
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Momentum Transport Balance
Combined momentum flux = p +rvv
There are two mechanisms :
1. Molecular transport.
2. Convective transport
Molecular transport p = pd + t
= pd + t +rvv
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Examples of momentum transport problems
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Examples of momentum transport problems
1. Flow between two parallel plates. Two parallel plates
having width of w are separated by Newtonian
liquid. The distance between the two plates is h. The
bottom plate moves to the right at a constant speed
v0 while the top is stationary. Determine:
i. the velocity and viscous stress profiles
ii. The average velocity and volume flow rate
iii. the force exerted on the plates by the fluid
v0
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Examples of momentum transport problems
2. Falling film problem. Newtonian liquid is flowing down an
inclined plane at steady state as shown in the figure below.
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Examples of momentum transport problems
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Problem 4. Flow through circular annulus
4. Flow through a circular annulus. Newtonian liquid is
flowing through the circular annulus as shown in the
Figure below. Assuming the flow to be laminar
i. Sketch the momentum flux and velocity profiles
ii. Determine the maximum and average velocities
iii. Determine the mass flow rate
iv. Determine the force exerted on the inner tube
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Momentum Balance Equation
Rate of
Force of gravity
momentum out + acting on the = 0
by molec.
system
transport
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Solving Momentum Transport Problems
One of the most popular method for solving momentum
transport problem is the shell balance method.
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Steps to Solve Momentum Transport Problems
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Steps to Solve Momentum Transport Problems
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Step 1 & 2
Step 1. Schematic Diagram
y h v0
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Steps 3 & 4
Step 3. Momentum transport mechanisms
xx = p + txx +rvxvx
yx = tyx +rvyvx
zx = tzx +rvzvx
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Step5
Step 5. Shell Momentum Balance
Rate of Rate of All forces
momentum - momentum + acting on the =0
in out system
leads to
?
(1)
After integration
? (2)
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Step 6
Step 6. Apply Newtons Law of viscosity, i.e. use (3) in (1)
and solve for the boundary conditions to get the velocity
distribution.
(3)
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Step 6. Continued and Step 7
Solve the differential equations.
Using (3) in (2)
f(y)
7. Solve the remaining problems: average velocity,
maximum velocity, mass (volume) flow rate, force exerted on
the walls, etc.
8. Check whether the assumption holds true
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Lesson outcomes
6. Describe shell balance technique to solve
momentum transfer balance equation.
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