The End of the War - 1918 Jan- July Germany winning in many spots along the fronts August - Sept Allies start to win ground, Turkish forces collapse Oct - Germany asks for a truce Nov Turkey & Austria make peace Germanys leader steps down
November 11th, 1918 at 11am, the
guns stopped WHAT HAPPENS NOW?
Troops pulled out, return home (only some, whos
left behind?) Celebrations for returning soldiers in all Allied countries (do you think there were celebrations on the Central Powers side?) 11 November made known as Remembrance Day We still commemorate 11/11, services across Aus and Eu. Losers have to pay for the damage and destruction created = Cripple Germany !!! Majority of the Allied Powers blamed Germany for the whole war. Who were the men in Allied Power?
1 - Georges Clemenceau- France
had suffered enormous damage The French population put pressure on him to make the Germans pay. SO we implement harsh terms in the peace treaty, no future threat of invasion. 2 - David Lloyd George- Britain
Agree with France
But scared if the terms were too harsh, the Germans may seek revenge. Still wanted to trade with the Germany = fence sitter 3 - Woodrow Wilson- USA did not want to be too harsh on the Germans as he feared the Germans may seek revenge. His proposed two main points: self-determination and international cooperation. PEACE TREATY = THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES TheTreaty was signed in 1919 at Versailles just outside of Paris France. It was signed in the Hall of Mirrors. STRICT RULES Thesize of the German Army and Navy was greatly reduced and the Air force was completely disbanded. Only 6 Battleships allowed/no submarines or aircraft. Anschluss- Not allowed to unite with Austria. NoGerman forces were allowed within 50 miles of the Rhine River. Allied troops were to occupy all the land west of the Rhine. Germany was forced to admit that they were to blame for the War. Germany did not know this was included in the Treaty until the day of signing it. TheAllies said that because it was all their fault the Germans had to pay for all the damage they caused = REPARATIONS. This worked out at 6.6 billion. (when do you think it was fully paid?) (US$ 442 billion) What do you think this picture is showing us?
Is there anything you would like to know about the image?
What is the message What can we of the source? (What infer from the is the cartoonist source? trying to say?)
What does this What is the
source suggest purpose of the about Germanys source? reactions to the ToV? This cartoon appeared in the German satirical magazine Simplissimus, 3 June 1919. Question Thinking Time! Do you think the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh? Should Germany have been punished in this way? Had they really been totally to blame for the war? Can you think of a better plan? Which of the terms of the treaty do you think the Germans would have disliked the most? Justify your opinion Place yourself in the shoes of a German civilian Down to you....Start this now and complete for homework
Place yourself in the shoes of a
civilian living in Germany in 1919, write a letter to the one of The Big Three telling them how you think the Treaty of Versailles will affect Germany. LO: To be able to list and explain reasons why The Big Three held the attitudes they did towards Germany after the First World War.
Using your sheet draw a table which shows how
each leader hoped to deal with Germany after the First World War. Country Britain France USA