Bentham & Hooker System of Classification(1862-1883)

Spermatophyta or Phanerogams

Class II:
Class I: Gymnospermae Class III:
Dicotyledones 164. Gnetaceae; 165. Coniferae; Monocotyledones
166. Cycadales

Subclass: Series 15: Microspermae- Microscopic seeds,

Subclass: Subclass: ovary inferior 167. Hydrochritaceae; 168.
I.3. Monochlamydeae: Flowers Burmanniaceae; 169. Orchidaceae
I.I. Polypetalae: Petals free I.2. Gamopetalae: Petals united incomplete, either unisexual or
perianth undifferentiated

Series 7:
Curvambryae- Curved embryos, ovules Series 16: Epigynae-Ovary inferior, seeds large
Series 2: Series 3: Series 5: mostly 1 170 Zingiberaceae; 171. Bromeliaceae; 172.
Series 1: Series 4: Series 6: Haemodoraceae; 173. Iridaceae; 174.
Disciflorae- Cushion-like or glandular or Calyciflorae - Flowers perigynous or Heteromerae - Ovary superior, carpels more 128. Nyctaginaceae Amaryllidaceae; 175. Taccaceae
Thalamiflorae: flower hypogynous Inferae- Ovary inferior Bicarpellatae - Ovary superior, with 2 carpels
anular disc present. epigynous than 2 129.Illecebraceae; 130.Amaranthaceae; 176.Dioscoreaceae
131.Chenopodiaceae; 132. Phytolaccaceae;
133.Batiddaceae; 134. Polygonaceae

Cohort 1: Rannales: Gynoecium apocarpous
Cohort 7: Geraniales- Ovule pendulous, raphe
ventral
Natural order 1.Rannunculaceae 2.Dilleniaceae
3.Calycanthaceae 4.Magnoliaceae 34.Linaceae; 35. Humiriaceae;
5. Annonaceae 6. Menispermaceae 36. Malpighiaceae; 37. Zygophyllaceae;
7.Berberidaceae 8.Nymphaceae 38. Geraniaceae; 39. Rutaceae;
40. Simaroubaceae; 41. Ocnaceae; 42. Burseraceae;
43 Melliaceae; 44. Dichapetalaceae;
Cohort 11: Rosales- Ovaries separate, rarely
united
56. Connaraceae; 57. Legumiosae;
58. Rosaceae; 59. Saxiragaceae;
60. Crassulaceae; 61. Droseraceae;
62. Hamamelidaceae; 63 Bruniaceae;
64 Haloragaceae
Cohort 19: Ericales- Stamens double number;
ovary 2- many locules
Cohort 16: Rubiales- Stamens epipetalous; 92.Vacciniaceae; 93. Ericaceae;
locules 2- many; ovules 1- many.
94. Monotropeae/Clethraceae ;
83. Caprifoliaceae; 84. Rubiaceae
95. Epacridaceae; 96.Diapensiaceae;
97. Lennoaceae
Series 17: Coronarieae- Corolla-like flowers,
Cohort 22: Gentianales- Corolla regular, leaves perianth supirior 177. Stemonaceae; 178.
opposite Liliaceae; 179.Pontederiaceae; 180.
Series 8: Multivulatae Aquaticae- Many-seeded
Phyllydraceae; 181Xyridaceae; 182.
104.Oleaceae; 105. Salvadoraceae; aquatics
Mayacaceae; 183. Commellinaceae; 184.
106. Apocyanaceae; 107.Asclapiadaceae 135.Podostemaceae Rapateaceae
108. Loganiaceae; 109. Gentianaceae.

Cohort 2: Parietales: Parietal placentation Cohort 12: Myrtales- Ovary syncarpous, Series 18: Calycinea- Calyx-like flowers, ovary
9.Sarraceniaceae 10. Papaveraceae divided into locules Cohort 17: Asterales- stamens epipetalous; Cohort 20: Primulales- Stamen opposite petals Cohort 23: Polemoniales-Corolla regular, superior 185. Flagellariaceae, 186. Juncaceae;
Cohort 8: Olacales- Ovule pendulous, raphe
locule 1, ovule 1 ;ovary 1 locule; axile placentation leaves alternate, 110. Polemoniaceae; Series 9: Multivulatae terrestres - Many- 187. Arecaceae (Palmae)
11. Cruciferae 12. Capparaceae 13.Resedaceae dorsal 65 Rhizophoraceae; 66 Combretaceae;
85. Valerianaceae; 86. Dipsacaeae; seeded terrestrials 136. Nepenthaceae;
14. Cistaceae 15. Violaceae 16. Canellaceae 45.olacaceae; 46. Aquifoliaceae 98. Plumbaginaceae; 99. Primulaceae; 111. Hydrophyllaceae; 112. Boraginaceae;
67. Myrtaceae; 68. Melastomataceae; 137.Rafflesiaceae
17. Bixaceae 69.Lythraceae; 70. Onagraceae 87. Calyceraceae; 88. Compositae 100. Myrsinaceae 113. Convolvulaceae; 114. Solanaceae.

Cohort 24: Personiales- Corolla irregular to

Cohort 9: Celastrales- ovule erect, raphe
ventral
Cohort 3: Polygalineae-ovary 2-3 septate
71.Samydaceae 72. Loasaceae; 73.Turneraceae;
47. Celastraceae; 48. Stackhousiaceae;
18. Pittosporaceae 19. Tremandraceae
49. Rhamnaceae; 50. Vitaceae
20. Polygalaceae
Cohort 13: Passiflorales- Ovary syncarpous,
parietal placentation
74. Passifloraceaae;
75. Cucurbitaceae; 76. Begoniaceae
77.Datiscaceae
oblique, ovules many. Series 10: Microembryae- Microscopic seeds
Cohort 18: Campanulales- samens free; locules Cohort 21: Ebenales-Stamens opposite to
Series 19: Nudiflorae- Perianth-less flowers
2-6; ovule many petals; few large seeds 115. Scrophulariaceae; 116. Globulariaceae; 138. Aristolochiaceae; 139. Piperaceae;
188. Pandanaceae; 189. Cyclanthaceae,
89. Stylidaceae; 90. Goodeniaceae; 101 Sapotaceae; 102 Ebenaceae; 117. Lentibulariaceae; 119. Gesneriaceae; 140. Chlorannthaceae; 141. Myisticaceae; 190.Typhaceae, 191. Araceae; 192.Lemnaceae
91. Campanulaceae 103. Styracaceae 120. Bignoniaceae; 121. Pedaliaceae; 142. Monimiaceae.
122. Acanthaceae.

Cohort 10: Sapindales- Ovule ascending, raphe

ventral to reversed
Cohort 4: Caryophyllineae- Axile placentation
51. Sapindaceae;
21.Frankeniaceae 19. Caryophyllaceae
52. Sabiaceae (Meliosmaceae);
23. Portulacaceae 24. Tamaricaceae
53. Anacardiaceae; 54. Coriariaceae;
55. Moringaceae
Cohort 25: Lamiales- corolla irregular to
Cohort 14: Ficoidales- Ovary syncarpous, sub- oblique, 1-2 ovules,
basal placentation 123. Myoporaceae; 125. Verbenaceae;
78. Cactaceae; 79.Aizoaceae 126. Labiatae; 127 Plantaginaceae
Series 11: Daphnales- Ovary monocarpellary
Series 20: Apocarpae- Carpels free or only one
143. Lauraceae; 143.1 Hernandiaceae;
193. Triuridaceae; 194.Alismataceae; 195.
144. Proteaceae; 145. Thymelaeaceae; Juncaginaceae
146. Peneaceae; 147. Elaeagnaceae

Series 12: Achlamydosporaceae- Ovary one Series 21: Glumaceae- Flowers in dense
Cohort 5: Guttiferales-Stamens numerous, Cohort 15: Umbellales- Ovary syncarpous; 1 inflorescences subtended by bracts or glume
locular, ovules 1-3
calyx imbricate ovule per locule 196. Eriocaulaceae; 197. Centrolepidaceae;
25. Elatinaceae 26. Hypericaceae 27.Guttiferae 148. Loranthaceae; 148.1. Viscaceae; 198. Restionaceae; 199 Cyperaceae; 200.
80. Umbelliferae; 81.Araliaceae; 82. Cornaceae 149.Sanntalaceae; 150.Balanophoraceae. Poaceae (Gramineae)
28. Theaceae 29. Dipterocarpacear
30. Sarcolaenaceae

Series 13: Unisexuales- Flowers strictly

unisexual, ovules 1-2
151 Euphorbiaceae; 152. Balanopaceae;
Cohort 6: Malvales- Stamens numerous, calyx
valvate 153. Urticaceae; 154. Plantanaceae;
31. Malvaceae 32. Sterculiaceae 33. Tiliaceae 155 Leitneriaceae; 156. Juglandaceae;
157. Myricaceae; 158. Casuarinaceae;
159. Betulaceae.

Series 14: Ordines anomalus Anomalous

order
160. Salicaceae; 162. Empetraceae;
163. Ceratophyllaceae.