congenital

HEART
DISEASE
 CONGENITAL HEART
DISEASE
A Congenital Heart Disease(CHD), also
known as a congenital heart anomaly
or congenital heart defect, is a problem in
the structure of the heart that is present at
birth. Congenital heart disease is one of the
most common types of birth defects,
affecting up to 9 in every 1,000 babies
born.
 CLASSIFICATION
According to arterial oxygen saturation
congenital heart diseases are classified into
two main categories:
Acyanotic CHD- Normal arterial oxygen
saturation
Cyanotic CHD- Reduced arterial oxygen
saturated
VARIOUS ACYANOTIC
CHD
Ventricular septal defect(VSD)
Atrial septal defect(ASD)
Patent ductus arteriosus()PSD
Coarctation of aorta
Pulmonary stenosis
 VARIOUS CYANOTIC
CHD
Tetrology of fallot
Transposition of great arteries
Tricuspid atresia
Truncus arteriosus
Total anomalies pulmonary venous drainage
Hypoplastic left or right heart
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO
CHD
85 to 90% of cases, there is no identifiable
cause for the heart defect. Generally
considered to be caused by the multifactorial
inheritance.

Factors are usually both genetic and

environmental, where a combination of genes
from both parents.

Maternal factors.
SYMPTOMS
Poor feeding
Low birth weight
Dizziness
Excessive sweating
Swelling in the hands,
Ankles or feet
 TREATMENT
This is depend on the type of the C.H.D.
No treatment (observation and
reassurance)
Surgical treatment (palliative or curative).
Cardiac transplant or lung heart transplant
Medical treatment (antifailure,
antiarythmaic etc.,)
Artificial heart valves
 DIAGNOSIS
Chest X-Ray
Echocardiography
Cardiac catheterization
Echocardiography
Systolic pulmonary flow murmur
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Avoid pregnancy above age of 38
year.
Avoid smoking.
Avoid alcohol.
Avoid exposure to radiation.
Avoid drugs intake before medical
consultation.
Vaccination of all childbearing
women for rubella.
THANK YOU