THROUGH EDUCATION, OUR MOTHERLAND RECEIVES LIGHT

K TO 12: READY OR NOT?

Where Education reigns on lofty seat
Youth blossoms forth with vigor and agility;
He error subjugates with solid feet,
And is exalted by conceptions of nobility.
She breaks the neck of vice and its deceit;
Black crime turns pale at Her hostility;
The barbarous nations She knows how to tame,
From savages creates heroic fame.
~Jose Rizal
 RA 10533: ENHANCED
BASIC EDUCATION ACT
15 May 2013
K TO 12?! WHAT?!

The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and

12 years of basic education (six years of
primary education, four years of Junior High
School, and two years of Senior High School
[SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of
concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners,
and prepare graduates for tertiary education,
middle-level skills development, employment,
and entrepreneurship. K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
UNIVERSAL KINDERGARTEN
Every Filipino child now has access to early
childhood education through Universal
Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start
schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust
to formal education.
Education for children in the early years lays the
foundation for lifelong learning and for the total
development of a child.
In Kindergarten, students learn the alphabet,
numbers, shapes, and colors through games,
songs, and dances, in their Mother Tongue.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
MORE RELEVANT CURRICULUM
Examples, activities, songs, poems, stories, and
illustrations are based on local culture, history,
and reality. This makes the lessons relevant to the
learners and easy to understand.
Students acquire in-depth knowledge, skills,
values, and attitudes through continuity and
consistency across all levels and subjects.
Discussions on issues such as Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR), Climate Change Adaptation, and
Information & Communication Technology (ICT) are
included in the enhanced curriculum.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
MOTHER-TONGUE-BASED EDUCATION

Students are able to learn best through their first

language, their Mother Tongue (MT).
Aside from the Mother Tongue, English and Filipino are
taught as subjects starting Grade 1, with a focus on oral
fluency. From Grades 4 to 6, English and Filipino are
gradually introduced as languages of instruction. Both
will become primary languages of instruction in Junior
High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS).
After Grade 1, every student can read in his or her
Mother Tongue. Learning in Mother Tongue also serves
as the foundation for students to learn Filipino and
English easily.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
INTEGRATED & SEAMLESS LEARNING

Subjects are taught from the simplest concepts

to more complicated concepts through grade
levels in spiral progression. As early as
elementary, students gain knowledge in areas
such as Biology, Geometry, Earth Science,
Chemistry, and Algebra. This ensures a mastery
of knowledge and skills after each level.

K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School is two years of specialized
upper secondary education; students may choose
a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and
school capacity. The choice of career track will
define the content of the subjects a student will
take in Grades 11 and 12. SHS subjects fall under
either the Core Curriculum or specific Tracks.
CORE CURRICULUM
TRACKS
TVET NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
HOLISTICALLY DEVELOPED FILIPINO

After going through Kindergarten, the enhanced

Elementary and Junior High curriculum, and a
specialized Senior High program, every K to 12
graduate will be ready to go into different paths
may it be further education, employment, or
entrepreneurship.
Every graduate will be equipped with:
Information, media and technology skills,
Learning and innovation skills,
Effective communication skills, and
Life and career skills.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
 K TO 12:
K TO 12 CURRICULUM READY
OR NOT?
BENEFITS

An enhanced curriculum will decongest

academic workload, giving students more time
to master competencies and time for extra-
curricular activities, thus, allowing for their
more holistic development.
Graduates will possess competencies and skills
relevant to the job market.

K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
BENEFITS

Graduates will be better prepared for higher

education.
Graduates will be able to earn higher wages
and/or better prepared to start their own
business. Studies in the Philippines have
shown that an additional year of schooling
increases earnings by 7.5%.
Filipino graduates could be recognized abroad.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
BENEFITS

K to 12 will contribute to economic growth.

Several studies have shown that the
improvements in the quality of education will
increase GDP growth by as much as 2%.
A better educated society provides a sound
foundation for long-term socio-economic
development.

K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
READY?
OR NOT?
ACCOMPLISHMENTS & PLANS

K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
PRO ANTI

The DepEd claimed that with Studies have shown that

the additional two years, longer education cycles does
students will have more time not necessarily translate
to master the essential better learning.
competencies and skills.

ISSUES K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
PRO ANTI

Department of Education Still below international

was given the biggest slice of standards
the budget pie to address UNESCO 6% of GDP
the needs for the WB 20% of NATL BUDGET
implementation of the K to
12 program.

ISSUES K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
PRO ANTI

The added 2 years will still
be FREE for public schools.
The additional years will still
be burdensome for the
parents who will still shell
out money for food,
transportation and
allowance.
It may increase dropouts and
result to poor completion
rates.

ISSUES K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
PRO
Increasing the school leaving
age to 18 years old is
advantageous as senior high
graduates are no longer
minors and therefore could
be lawfully employed, legally
able to start their own
business and enter into
contracts
ISSUES
ANTI
increasing the school leaving age
would be particularly unfavorable
to the poor.
Adding two more years of senior
high would further delay their entry
into the labor market and result in
foregone earnings from work.
Increasing the school leaving age
would not also be an outright
advantage even if students
graduate at 18 because
businesses still prefer college
graduates over fresh graduates
from high school.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
PRO
A 12-year basic education
cycle will enable every
graduate to be compliant
with international standards
such as the Washington and
Bologna Accords.
ISSUES
ANTI
Foreign employers look primarily at
competencies and not at the
number of years of schooling when
hiring workers. Filipino engineers,
nurses, teachers, accountants, etc.
get hired as professionals despite
the difference in the required years
of schooling overseas
Not all graduates will study or work
abroad and as such, only those
who will be affected by the non-
standardized cycles should be the
ones to bear the costs
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
PRO ANTI

It is high time for the country The program was hastily

to change its educational implemented
system. For one, colleges would have
no incoming college
freshman for two years and
this would create disastrous
effects to its
teachers/employees and
financial standing

ISSUES K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
CONCLUSION
There is no question that our present educational
system needs a complete overhaul.
The Program should be studied carefully and supported
by local research.
Households should be guided and given assistance.
Teachers should be meticulously trained and should
increase their qualifications
Classrooms, textbooks, facilities and infrastructures
should be sufficiently provided.
Provide a better system of testing that focuses on skills
and competencies to properly gauge outcomes.
K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
BOTTOM LINE QUESTIONS

COULD THE GOVERNMENT SECURE ADEQUATE

RESOURCES TO IMPLEMENT THE K TO 12
PROGRAM?
COULD IT ADDRESS THE SHORTAGE OF
EDUCATIONAL INPUTS?

K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
WILL THE PROGRAM IMPROVE THE
QUALITY OF EDUCATION AND
ENABLE OUR MOTHERLAND TO
RECEIVE ITS LIGHT WHICH WILL
GUIDE US THE PATH OF PROGRESS
AND DEVELOPMENT?

K TO 12:
READY
OR NOT?
And as in early morning we behold
The ruby sun pour forth resplendent rays;
And lovely dawn her scarlet and her gold,
Her brilliant colors all about her sprays;
So skillful noble Teaching doth unfold
To living minds the joy of virtuous ways.
She offers our dear motherland the light
That leads us to immortal glory's height.
~Jose Rizal