Aircraft Rescue and Fire

Fighting
6th Edition
Chapter 11 Airport Emergency
Planning
Learning Objective 1

Describe administrative
responsibilities in relation to ARFF
services.

111
Airport management must provide
for ARFF services at their airport.

Organized

Equipped
Management
ensures ARFF Staffed
agency is
Trained

Operated
112
Airport management may designate
a private or public organization to
provide ARFF services.

FAA
indexed Non FAA
indexed

113
The A/CEP should be a coordinated
effort between the airport and the
surrounding community.

Should include several agencies

Should address specific topics

Should be thoroughly developed, tested,

and regularly exercised

114
REVIEW QUESTION

What agencies should be included in

an Airport/Community Emergency
Plan?

115
Learning Objective 2

Identify the components of an

Airport/Community Emergency Plan.

116
A/CEPs have common components
and should be reviewed by all
agencies involved.

117
An A/CEP should address the
following items.

Means by which apparatus, personnel are identified

Rescue and fire fighting operations

Guidelines for communicating with the media

Legal obligations of personnel involved

Joint training necessary to implement, maintain plan

118
REVIEW QUESTION

What components should be

common to all Airport/Community
Emergency Plans?

119
Learning Objective 3

Explain factors to consider when

developing an Airport/Community
Emergency Plan.

1110
The A/CEP should provide an all hazards
incident management approach.

SMS

Implementation can reduce danger or risk to responders

and victims

Types of aircraft involved

General aviation
Commercial
Agricultural

Types of accidents/incidents

Three levels of alerts (I, II, III)

1111
Accidents are measured by the
severity and angle of impact.

Low-impact
If egress is not blocked by fire,
fatality rates tend to be low

Courtesy of Margi Cooper

High-impact
Nonsurvivable
Severe structural damage
Often reduces aircraft to small
pieces and scatters debris over
large area

Courtesy of PC Kyle Davis (US Army),

Defense Visual Information Center (DVIC) 1112
A/CEPs must take into account a
variety of hazards at aircraft incidents.

Hazardous
Fires Threats
materials
Fuel
Bombs
Large quantities of
fuel
Chemicals
Sabotage
Radiological and/or
etiological agents
Numerous ignition
sources
Hijacking
Explosives

1113
An A/CEP should consider a variety
of possible accident sites.

On Off
airport airport

1114
Grid maps of the airport and
surrounding areas should be prepared
as part of airport emergency planning.

Courtesy of DFW International Airport ITS/GIS Department

Roads

Bridges

Perimeter gates

Terrain features

Key locations

Predetermined staging areas

1115
Accident Potential Zones (APZs) pose
a higher risk of aircraft accidents than
other areas.

1116
The A/CEP should also identify plans
for search and rescue within bailout-
jettison areas.

Air Search and Ground Search

Rescue and Rescue
Signals from Signal from a
Emergency Locator Personal Locator
Beacons (ELB) Beacon

Reports of overdue
Reports of overdue
or missing
aircraft
individuals.

Eyewitnesses

1117
GSAR procedures should be initiated
once it has been identified that an
aircraft is downed, missing, or overdue.

Law enforcement agencies

Local fire departments

Search and rescue organizations

Civil Air Patrol (CAP)

Helicopters (Emergency Medical and Private)

Department of Defense (DOD)

Coast Guard

1118
The A/CEP should identify points of
accessibility on grid maps of the area.

Primary
Possible
and
accident
alternate
sites
routes

Road,
Water bridge,
sources and terrain
restrictions

1119
A standard emergency response
pattern (SERP) model should be
developed for each incident.

1120
An A/CEP must address climatic and
limited visibility considerations.

Portable shelters
Transportation
between the crash
scene and a climate-
controlled
rehabilitation area

Provisions to protect
Operation procedures
occupants from
for limited visibility
exposure

1121
REVIEW QUESTION

Describe the purpose of a standard

emergency response pattern (SERP)
model.

1122
Learning Objective 4

Identify emergency response

considerations.

1123
Multiple methods should be used for
alerting these emergency response and
support personnel.

Horn, siren,
or other
audible alarm

Radios Telephones

Pagers

1124
Law enforcement personnel will
primarily handle scene security at ARFF
incidents.

Establish secure perimeter

Protect access/entry points

Conduct large-scale evacuations

Provide traffic, crowd control

Other activities

1125
A/CEPs should address EMS
involvement in airport incidents.

Medical coordinator,
Emergency medical
Doctors, other patient
services
medical personnel transportation
responsibilities
coordinator positions

Triage, minor Local hospitals, Ambulance, air-

treatment locations medical facilities evacuation services

Responder
Location for
rehabilitation
temporary morgue
services

1126
The air carrier can provide resources,
expertise, and information during an
aviation disaster.

Audio monitors

Personnel and investigators that respond

Aircraft documentation

Aviation Disaster Family Assistance Act of 1996, Foreign Air Carrier

Family Support Act of 1997

Responsible for removal, salvage or aircraft

1127
Airport personnel fill a management
role during an aviation disaster.

May provide variety of other

personnel and services

May become Incident Commander

or share Command after fire,
medical personnel completed tasks

After emergency operations, main

goal is establishing normal airport
operations

May involve use of helicopters

Will make required notifications

1128
Airport personnel will also fill other
roles during an aviation disaster.

May provide physical resources, locate outside

resources

Set up perimeters with assistance from law

enforcement

Provide assistance/resources for investigation and

planning after the incident

Weather, video, photographic information

1129
The secondary response network
should expand and contract as dictated
by the magnitude of the emergency.

Mutual aid support

Available apparatus,
equipment, and water supply

Rehabilitation resources

Mental health professionals

1130
A variety of agencies and organizations
can provide logistical support.

Government agencies

Military assistance

Red Cross

Courtesy of Edwin A. Jones

Mortuary assistance

FAA

ATC tower

Coast Guard (Cont.)

1131
A variety of agencies and organizations
can provide logistical support.

Other waterborne resources

Interpreters and linguists

Religious organizations and clergy

NHQ Photographer, Civil Air Patrol

Courtesy of Susan C. Robertson,
Communications services

Public works

Civil Air Patrol (CAP)

Other organizations
(Cont.)

1132
Emergency plans must address
communications and procedures for
dealing with the media.

1133
REVIEW QUESTION

What agencies should be activated

during the primary response phase
of an aircraft accident/incident?

1134
Learning Objective 5

Describe procedures for ARFF

response to various emergencies.

1135
Military aircraft emergencies require a
military Incident Commander or
Unified Command representative.

Courtesy of TSgt Douglas K. Lingefelt (USAF),

Defense Visual Information Center (DVIC)
1136
The military will dispatch various
assistance teams.
Base fire department personnel
EOD personnel
Military police
Medical personnel
Bioenvironmental personnel
Mortuary affairs personnel
Information officer
Accident Investigation Board personnel
Legal officer
Heavy-equipment personnel
1137
Indexed airports must address
structure fires in the A/CEP.

Identify evacuation Define roles and

procedures for responsibilities of

Terminals ARFF agency

Local fire and

Hangars emergency
services

Control towers

1138
Hazardous material response plans
should focus on the hazards commonly
found on the particular airfield.

Identify

Organizations and
Which agencies will
Procedures for agencies that are
provide special
notifying response responsible for
equipment and
agencies hazardous material
personnel
response

1139
Hazardous Material Business Plans
(HMBPs) may be required by SARA
Title III.

Plan Responsible persons

must
identify Contact numbers
Employee training
Inventory
Quantities
Location of hazardous materials
1140
The A/CEP should address the level of
response to medical emergencies at
airport facilities.

Protect themselves

Isolate contaminated
passengers
Should identify
procedures for Provide emergency
emergency medical care
responders to
Provide transportation to
medical facilities

Contact local health

department, CDC

1141
Terrorist incident plans must be
commensurate with the risks and
hazards of the particular airport.

Identify specific roles and responsibilities

Include additional agencies such as DHS and FBI

Identify aircraft staging area

1142
 ARFF personnel must be prepared to
handle mass casualty incidents.

Roles and responsibilities

Treatment equipment, facilities, locations

Assistance for the walking wounded

Triage

Transportation for those who are injured

Respectful protection of the deceased

Designating an assistance center

Establishing a family reunification center

1143
Post-incident scene control should
be addressed in the A/CEP.

Potential parties that might be on site

Procedures for allowing these personnel access

Should Credentialing procedures and policies

identify Entry control and exit

Safety precautions and procedures

Necessities for long-term operation

1144
Actions to mitigate the damage
and restore aircraft operations after
natural disasters must be considered.

Process for monitoring developing severe weather conditions

Process for notifying aircraft owners and warning incoming aircraft

Initial protective measures to be taken

Emergency supplies

Personnel shelters

Standby emergency power generators

Post-disaster clean up and restoration

1145
REVIEW QUESTION

What specific emergency scenarios

should an Airport/Community
Emergency Plan address?

1146
Learning Objective 6

Explain training considerations for

mutual aid and support personnel
and joint training exercises.

1147
All parties to mutual aid agreements
should participate in airport emergency
planning, training, drills, and exercises.

Become familiar with

Airport and aircraft

Airport terminology
Control-tower light signals
Runways and taxiways
Apron areas
Hydrants and other water sources
Access routes

1148
Mutual aid firefighters that are utilized
in ARFF activities receive training in
accordance with their AHJ.

Should emphasize

Use of structural apparatus and

equipment for ARFF operations
Rapid resupply
Practice of ARFF operations
under conditions that are as
realistic as possible

1149
Joint training exercises are necessary
so personnel feel comfortable that the
A/CEP will function successfully.

Operational priorities: Rescue, Fire control, Loss control

Emphasis on tactical considerations among agencies

Critically important to identify and reduce differences in apparatus,

equipment, and communications

Should be conducted at the airport

Utilize full-scale disaster drills and tabletop exercises

1150
REVIEW QUESTION

What activity should occur following

a joint training exercise?

1151
Learning Objective 7

Identify the components of an

Airport/Community Emergency Plan
review.

1152
The A/CEP should be reviewed and
updated in accordance with the AHJ
policies and procedures.

An evaluation system must

Include highly trained evaluators

Identify problems within the exercise
Identify areas of A/CEP that require
modification
Provide feedback that can help
modify the A/CEP

1153
REVIEW QUESTION

What information should be included

in an Airport/Community Emergency
Plan review?

1154
Summary

An airport emergency plan should

include multiple considerations about
the airport to which it applies and
describe responses to specific
emergencies.

(Cont.)

1155
Summary

An A/CEP should establish all resources

available, which agencies and
organizations should be contacted to
supply them, and how communications
to resources are coordinated in an
emergency.

(Cont.)

1156
Summary

Joint training exercises with all mutual

aid support agencies that may respond
to an emergency is essential to
successful emergency termination.

1157