Changes in Matter

Big Idea 9 SC.4.P.9.1

Department of Mathematics and Science

Office of Academics and Transformation

Department of Mathematics and Science

 Benchmark Descriptions

SC.4.P.9.1 Identify some familiar changes in

materials that result in other materials with
different characteristics, such as decaying
animal or plant matter, burning, rusting, and
cooking.
 What is Matter?
Matter is anything that takes up space and
has weight.
Matter has three forms.
Matter can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
Matter can be described by its properties.
Matter is made up of tiny particles called
atoms.
 What do we know about
solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids have a Liquids have Gases take
definite shape definite the shape
and a definite volume but and volume
volume. take the of the
shape of the containers.
containers.
 Take a piece of paper and change it
in some way.

How did you change your piece of paper it?

Folding Bending
Tearing Cutting
Crumpling

Why are the changes that you made to the paper just
physical changes?
The paper is still paper. You can unfold it.
 Physical change is often due
to a change in temperature
How does heat affect physical changes?
Some types of matter change state when
enough heat is added to it (melting)
or taken away from it (freezing).
What are some examples of each?

Water freezes at 0 Celsius or 32 Fahrenheit

 More on Physical Changes
What is happening to the ice cubes?
Theyre melting.
If you add enough heat energy to ice, it turns into
liquid water, then it turns into a gas called water vapor.
If you cool the substance, by taking away heat energy,
you can reverse these changes.
You can change a gas into a liquid and
a liquid into a solid.
What type of change is this?
Changing from one state to another state is an example
of a physical change.
 What is a Physical Change?
Crushing
Melting *
Folding
Freezing *
Bending
Tearing
Cutting
Crumbling
*Changing from one
Sanding
state of matter to
Smashing another.
Peeling
 What are some
physical properties of matter?

Color Solid, Liquid, or

Texture Gas
Odor Magnetic
Size Floats or sinks
Volume Boiling point
Mass Melting point
 What are Physical Changes of Matter?

A physical change is a change in the

physical properties of matter. The matter
changed in how it looks, but what it is
made out of does not change.

A change that takes place when a

substance changes in size, shape or form.
The particles of matter do not change.
 What are
Chemical Changes?

Department of Mathematics and Science

 Chemical Changes

Chemical changes produce new substances

that have different properties than the original
substances.
What are some examples of chemical changes?
Burning
Rusting
Cooking and baking
 More on Chemical Changes
Fresh Leaves Decaying Leaves

Why did the leaves change?

 What are some examples of
chemical properties?
Corrosion of metalwhen iron combines with oxygen in the
air, rust forms

Gas bubbles Baking soda combines with vinegar, carbon

dioxide forms

A change in color (browning of fruit - decay) an apple is

peeled and reaction with oxygen in the air

Chemical changes change the chemical nature and

properties of substances to form new substances.
 What are some examples of evidence
that a chemical change took place?
Signs
Change in odor
Change in color
Change in taste
Change in mass
Forming bubbles (giving off a gas)
Giving off smoke
Giving off light
 Hands On Activity
Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter

Change in Temperature Lab

Adapted from American Chemical Society
Inquiry in Action

Refer to Change in Temperature Lab Power Point Presentation

at Science Website Instructional Resources Grade 4 Quarter 1
http://science.dadeschools.net/elem/InstructionalResources/IR-4.html

Department of Science
 Compare and Contrast
Property Changes
Physical change
A physical change is a change in
the physical properties of matter.
The matter changed in how it
looks, but what it is made out of
does not change.
A change that takes place when a
substance changes in size, shape
or form. The particles of matter
do not change.
Chemical changes
A chemical change is a change in the
chemical properties of matter. A
chemical change occurs when two
or more kinds of matter combine to
form a new substance with different
properties.
A change that takes place when a
substance is completely altered. The
particles of matter do change.
 Review
What is a chemical change?
Answer: A chemical change produces substances that have new
properties.
How is a chemical change different than a physical change?
Answer: A physical change does not produce new substances
like a chemical change does. It only changes physical
properties.
How is heat involved in chemical changes?
Answer: Sometimes heating can cause chemical changes.
Sometimes chemical changes give off heat.
How is heat involved in physical changes?
Answer: Sometimes adding heat to matter can change its state
-when enough heat is added to it can cause melting or if heat
is taken away it can cause freezing of the matter.
 Quiz: Decide if each example is a
physical or chemical change.
Change Scenario Physical or chemical
1. Water boiling into steam 1.
2. An ice cream melting 2.
3. A bicycle rusting in the rain 3.
4. A banana turning brown 4.
5. Tearing paper into pieces 5.
6. A candle wick burning 6.
7. Water freezing into ice 7.
8. A carton of milk going sour 8
9. A loaf of bread cut into slices 9.
10. Burning toast in the toaster 10.
 Chemical Change Resources:
Free Brain POP:
Matter Changing
Property Changes

Scholastic Study Jams:

Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter

CHEM4KIDS:
Changing States of Matter
Chemical Reactions

Discovery Education Science Content:

Exploration: Chemical Changes
Reading Passage: Keep it in the Dark
Video: Chemical Changes
Video: Chemical Reactions