Personality

Personality
Personality: Personality traits, understanding personality characteristics,
Personality pattern & molding the personality pattern .
Personality Determinants and MBTI and Thomas Disc Profiling.
Psycho dynamic and Psychometric theories of personality 16 PF, A-B
personalities.
Sanjay Singh, PhD
 Determinants of Personality

Heredity vs. Environment

Genetics accounts for about 50 percent of the
personality similarities between twins and
more than 30 percent of the similarities in
occupational and leisure interests.
Twin studies: people having large genetic
similarity are likely to have similar persona

Sanjay Singh, PhD

 Theories of Personality
Trait and Type Approach
- Are enduring personality characteristics that
explain behaviour

- Type: Refers to a constellation of traits

- E.g., MBTI or Type A vs. Type B
- Extravert vs introvert
- Sensing vs. Intuitive
- Thinking vs. feeling
- Judging vs. Perceiving
Sanjay Singh, PhD
 Gordon Allports Trait Theory (1936)

Cardinal Trait:
Central Trait: Major
Dominating Secondary Trait
characteristics
characteristics
Kindness Helping, nurturing, Patient while
unselfish dealing with others

Ex: IDENTIFY
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 Eysencks Trait Theory: Hierarchical
Ordering of traits

Ex: Locate
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 Cattells 16 Personality Traits (1950)
Classified 1. Warm 9. suspicious
traits into
surface traits 2. Abstract 10. imaginative
(integrity, Thinker 11. Shrewd
honesty, self
discipline, 3. Emotionally 12. apprehensiv
thought- stable e
fullness) and
source traits 4. dominant 13. experimenti
(Ego strength) 5. enthusiastic ng
6. conscientiou 14. self-
s sufficient
7. bold 15. controlled
16 Basic Source traits
8. tender 16. tense that are building
minded block of
Ex: Choose One Sanjay Singh, PhD
personality
(Cattell, 1966)
 Psychodynamic Theory: Main
Concepts
Instincts: Eros (life) & Thanatos (Death)
Layers of mind: conscious, pre-conscious &
unconscious
Structure of personality: id, ego, superego
Complexes: Oedipus complex & Electra
complex
Catharsis & defense mechanism
Dreams: The royal road to unconscious
Sanjay Singh, PhD
Psychodynamic Theory of Personality

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 Big 5 Model: Costa & McCrae (1985, 1992), Digman (1990)

Extraversi Agreeblen Conscient

Neuroticism Openness Personality
on ess iousness

O C E A N

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Neuroticism: Extraversion: extent to Openness: extent Agreeableness: Conscientiousness
extent to which a which one is to which one is extent to which : extent to which
person is expressive and interested and one agrees with one is reliable and
emotionally comfortable in fascinated with others dependable
unstable relating with others novelty

Insecure Assertive Curious Good Responsible

Anxious Talkative Intelligent natured prudent
Moody Sociable Imaginative Cooperative self-control
Highly Ambitious Independen Trusting persistent
Emotional Energetic t planned
Hyper achievemen
vigilant t oriented

Sanjay Singh, PhD

Landy & Conte, 2009; Robbins, 2015
Sanjay Singh, PhD
 Personality Test Types
Clinical Normal

MMPI-2
Objective 16PF
CPI - California

Projective HTP House Tree Person

Rorschach TAT
Holtzman
 Measuring Personality

Personality
Assessment

Unstructured
Structured
Techniques

Sentence
Rating Scales
Rorschach TAT completion ,
(NEO PI)
Picture Drawing

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Rorschach Inkblot Test (1921)

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 Thematic
Apperception Test

Developed by Murray (1930s)

Contains 32 picture cards

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 Your
Story







..








..

..

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Incomplete Sentence Blank

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 House Person Tree Test

The House-Tree-Person (H-T-P) projective technique developed by John

Buck was originally an outgrowth of the Goodenough scale utilized to
assess intellectual functioning.
Details

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 MBTI
The theory of psychological type comes from
Swiss psychiatrist Carl G. Jung (1875-1961) who
wrote that what appears to be random behavior
is actually the result of differences in the way
people prefer to use their mental capacities. He
observed that people generally engage in one of
two mental functions:
1. taking in information, which he
called perceiving, or
2. organizing information and coming to
conclusions, which he called judging.

Sanjay Singh, PhD

MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)
During World War II, two American
women, Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother
Katharine Cook Briggs, set out to find an
easier way for people to use Jung's ideas in
everyday life. They wanted people to be able
to identify their psychological types without
having to sift through Jung's academic theory.

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MBTI: Myres-Briggs Type Indicator

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