INTERNAL REVIEW

COMPARATIVE SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR

WATER TANK WITH DIFFERENT GEOMETRICAL
PROPERTIES USING REVISED CODE PROVISION

PRESENTED BY:-
GUIDED BY:-
RIDHDHESH K BHOJAVIA
PROF. D.J.DHYANI
160410720004
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 OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
o INTRODUCTION

o DYNAMIC MODELING

o LIGATURE REVIEW

o SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW

o NEED OF STUDY

o OBJECTIVE

o SCOPE OF STUDY

o REFERENCES

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 INTRODUCTION :
Water is the primary source of living for the human being. It is necessary to
deal with the storage as properly as possible.

Many new ideas and innovations are being made for the storage of water and
other liquid materials in different forms and fashions.

There are many different ways for the storage of liquid such as underground,
ground supported, elevated etc.

As the population is increasing and due to the big society water requirements
have increase to a larger level.

Thus to compete the demand with supply, large storage tanks are required for
storage of water and other liquids. 3
 INTRODUCTION :

The seismic performance of the rectangular reservoir is matter of special

importance.

Without an water supply, uncontrolled fires occurring as a result of major

earthquake may cause more damage than the earthquake itself.

If the outbreak of the disease that follows the earthquake is to be avoided,

then it is essential that the safe supply of water is available.

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 DYNAMIC MODELINNG :-

Evaluation of hydrodynamic forces exerted during a seismic activity requires

a complex dynamic modeling of the tank liquid system which accounts for the
hydrodynamic forces exerted by the fluid on tank wall.

The availability of the mechanical models of tanks has considerably

simplified the analysis.

These mechanical models convert the tank-liquid system into an equivalent

spring-mass system and design codes could be used to evaluate the seismic
response of tanks.

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 DYNAMIC MODELINNG :-

Fig 1 : Tank Fig 2 : Spring mass model

Spring mass model for ground supported rectangular tank 6

 DYNAMIC MODELINNG :-
The rectangular tank-liquid system can be idealized as a spring-mass model,
which considerably simplifies the evaluation of hydrodynamic forces.

In this mechanical model, it is recognized that the vibrating fluid inside the
container has two components, one that moves in unison with the tank,
which is referred as the impulsive component and the other which undergoes
sloshing motion, known as the convective component.

The impulsive mass of the liquid, mi is rigidly attached to tank wall at a

height hi (or h*i ) and convective mass mc is attached to the tank wall at a
height hc (or h*c) by a spring of stiffness Kc as shown in Fig.2.

It may be noted that heights hi and hc are used when base pressure is not
considered and if base pressure is included then corresponding heights are
denoted by h*i and h* respectively 7
 LITERATURE REVIEW:-

Chen and Kianoush (2009) presented a simplified method using the

generalized single degree of freedom (SDOF) system for seismic analysis and
design of concrete rectangular liquid storage tanks to determine the dynamic
response of concrete rectangular liquid storage tanks. Only impulsive
hydrodynamic dynamic pressure is considered in this study.
The consistent mass and the effect of flexibility of a tank wall on
hydrodynamic pressures are considered.
The advantage of the proposed method over other methods is its simplicity
and easy then finite element method which can be used in the design practice.

J.Z. Chen, M.R. Kianoush.(2009) Generalized SDOF system for seismic analysis of concrete rectangular liquid storage
tanks.", ELSEVIER, Engineering Structures . 8
 LITERATURE REVIEW:-

Malhotra and wenk(2010) provides the theoretical background of a simplified

seismic design procedure for cylindrical ground supported tanks.
The procedure takes into account impulsive and convective (sloshing) actions
of the liquid in flexible steel or concrete tanks fixed to rigid foundations.
Seismic responses base shear, overturning moment, and sloshing wave height
are calculated by using the site response spectra and performing a few simple
calculations.
An example is presented to illustrate the procedure, and a comparison is made
with the detailed modal analysis procedure.

P.K. Malhotra, T. Wenk, M. Wieland. Simple procedure for seismic analysis of liquid storage tanks, Structural
Engineering, IABSE, 2000, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 197-201. 9
 LITERATURE REVIEW:-

Dr. Suchita Hirde & et al. (2011) Studied the performance Of Elevated water
tank having 50,000 liters and 100,000 liters capacity with staging height 12 m,
16 m, 20 m, 24 m, 28 m considering 4 m height of each panels are considered
for the study.
Author has given following conclusions from his analysis 1) Seismic forces
are directly proportional to the Seismic Zones. 2) Seismic forces are directly
proportional to the capacity of water tank. 3) Seismic forces are higher in soft
soil than medium soil, higher in medium soil than hard soil.
Earthquake forces for soft soil is about 40-41% greater than that of hard soil
for all earthquake zones and tank full and tank empty condition.

S. Hirde, A. Bajare, M. Hedaoo (2011), Seismic Performance Of Elevated Water Tanks, International Journal of Advanced
Engineering Research and Studies EISSN2249 8974, 2011 10
 LITERATURE REVIEW:-

Moslemi and Kianoush(2012) In this paper, the dynamic behavior of

cylindrical ground supported tanks was investigated using FE method in a
three dimensional space.
Free vibration analysis was carried out on the rigid tank models.
It was observed that only fundamental impulsive & convective modes are
sufficient for characterizing the dynamic response of such tanks due to
horizontal excitations.

M. Moslemi, M.R. Kianoush, (2012), Parametric study on dynamic behavior of cylindrical ground supported water tanks.
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ELSEVIER, Engineering Structures
 LITERATURE REVIEW:-

Deepak Kumara. et al (2015) examined of liquid domain has been carried out
along with structural interaction for various geometries of rectangular tanks
considering seismic effect and determine hydrodynamic pressure distribution
on the tank wall considering impulsive and convective components of liquid
mass.
Design charts have also been developed to help design engineers in quick
dynamic analysis of liquid filled storage tanks. A comparative study of Draft
IS 1893 Part 2, ACI 350.3 and Eurocode 8 for Rectangular Shaped Tank has
been performed by author.

P. Deepak Kumara, Aishwarya Aloka, P. R. Maitib (2015) Comparative Study of Dynamic Analysis of Rectangular Liquid
Filled Containers Using Codal Provisions . ELSEVIER,12th International Conference on Vibration Problems, ICOVP 2015
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 LITERATURE REVIEW:-

C. chougule & et al.(2017) The seismic analysis of the ground supported circular
water tank resting on soft soil consisting of mass of roof, mass of tank wall, mass of
water and mass of base slab is carried out.
Author is examined In this paper a parametric study on spring mass model, Time
period in impulsive and convective mode, Design horizontal seismic coefficient, Base
shear and Hydrodynamic pressure due to impulsive and convective mass of water is
considered.
It has been found that under influence of seismic forces with increasing ratio of
maximum depth of water to the diameter of tank (h/D) the more mass of water will
excite in impulsive mode while decreasing ratio of (h/D) more the mass of water will
excite in convective mode. The Time period of Impulsive mode increase with increase
in (h/D) ratio and Time period in convective mode decrease with increase in (h/D)
ratio.

A. C. Chougule, P. A. Chougule, S. A. Patil (2017) . Study of Seismic Analysis of Water Tank at Ground Level International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) , e-ISSN: 2395-0056 ,2017. 13
 SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW :-

After studying literatures, it has been observed that sloshing effect in

storage tanks for water has of great importance during earthquake
seismic response.

During seismic excitation, it has been observed that liquid inside the
tank exerts hydrodynamic force on the tank walls and base which
makes the analysis a complex one.

So the hydrodynamic pressure distribution on rectangular tanks has

been studied and focus is also to analyze the effect of geometry of tank
on design seismic forces and sloshing.

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 NEED OF STUDY :-

Estimation of sloshing wave of liquid in tank, hydrodynamic pressure on wall

and proper analysis of fluid-structure interaction under seismic excitation is
required for evaluating the performance of storage tanks.

And decide what are the effect of sloshing to base shear, bending moment,
time period of impulsive and convective mode, hydrodynamic pressure with
different geometrical parameter of rectangular water tank.

These all work are based on old code, but here I m going to use new code for
my work.

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 OBJECTIVE :-

1) To analysis rectangular water tank resting on ground for different

geometrical conditions.

2) To determine hydrodynamic pressure distribution on rectangular tanks of

various geometries considering impulsive and convective components of
liquid mass.

3) To develop a worksheet to get the analytical results for different

geometrical conditions of rectangular water tank.

4) The difference in the magnitude of shear and moment at base as obtained

from static IS 3370 (part 4) and dynamic IS 1893:(part 2) 2014.
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 SCOPE OF STUDY :-

This study is confined for rectangular water tank resting on ground.

In this study, fix base rectangular tank is consider.

Rectangular water tank with capacity of .5, 1, 1.5,2 lac liters with various
L/H ratio is consider .

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 REFERENCES :-
1) Dr. Suchita Hirde, Ms Asmita Bajare, Dr. Manoj Hedaoo, Seismic performance of elevated
water tank International Journal of dvanced Engineering Research and Studies Vol.1 issue 1
October. - December. 2011/78- 87.

2) P. Deepak Kumara, Aishwarya Aloka, P. R. Maitib (2015) Comparative Study of Dynamic

Analysis of Rectangular Liquid Filled Containers Using Codal Provisions . ELSEVIER,12th
International Conference on Vibration Problems, ICOVP 2015.

3) O.R. Jaiswal, D.C. Rai, S.K. Jain, Review of code provisions on seismic analysis of liquid
storage tanks: a review, Report No. IITKGSDMAEQ-04-V1.0, Indian Institute of
Technology, Kanpur (2004).

4) P.K. Malhotra, T. Wenk, M. Wieland, Simple procedure for seismic analysis of liquid storage
tanks, Structural Engineering, IABSE, 2000, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 197-201.

5) IITK-GSDMA: Guidelines for seismic design of liquid storage tank, Provisions with
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commentary on the Indian seismic code, Indian standard
 REFERENCES :-
6) M. Moslemi, M.R. Kianoush, (2012), Parametric study on dynamic behavior of cylindrical
ground supported water tanks. ELSEVIER, Engineering Structures .

7) J.Z. Chen, M.R. Kianoush.(2009) Generalized SDOF system for seismic analysis of concrete
rectangular liquid storage tanks.", ELSEVIER, Engineering Structures .

8) A. C. Chougule, P. A. Chougule, S. A. Patil (2017) . Study of Seismic Analysis of Water Tank

at Ground Level International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) , e-
ISSN: 2395-0056 ,2017.

9) IS:3370(Part IV)-1967. Code of practice for concrete structures for the storage of liquids.
Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi

10) IS 1893(Part II):2014. Criteraia for earthquake resistant design of structures Bureau of
Indian Standard, New Delhi.

11) IS: 1893(Part-I)-2002.,IS: 1893(Part-I)-2016 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of

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Structures. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi.
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