Principles of designing

educational technology

NEIL CHRISTIAN T. CORALES

Instructor, MMSU-LES
Four (4) Principles in Designing Instructional Materials
(Lorenzo as cited in Garo, 2008)

Principle #1. Materials are specifically designed for planned

purposes.

for instructional materials to be effective, they must serve the

objectives for which they are intended
springboard to a lesson, unlock vocabularies (give meaning to
difficult words)
Four (4) Principles in Designing Instructional Materials
(Lorenzo as cited in Garo, 2008) (contd)

Principle #2. Instructional materials are tools designed for

teachers as well as for students/learners.

these materials are not individualized; they are tools which

enable the teacher to individualize learning
the materials of instruction should serve as a tool for evaluating
results of teaching so that the teacher can improve on the
methodology, strategy, and techniques and selection of the
content
Four (4) Principles in Designing Instructional Materials
(Lorenzo as cited in Garo, 2008) (contd)

Principle #3. The use of content in the material is planned.

Instruction will give in detail the use of content.

instructional materials must reflect the content or the subject

matter; if not, the material is empty and useless
the teacher must have a prepared detailed set of activities to be
unfolded with the use of the instructional technology
Plan of the design and the implementation must be structured so
that the teacher shall be guided accordingly
Four (4) Principles in Designing Instructional Materials
(Lorenzo as cited in Garo, 2008) (contd)

Principle #4. Instructional materials specify (1) the content to

be learned, (2) the techniques of presentation, practice and use
of the content, and (3) the mode of teaching associated with
those techniques

the technique of presentation may also be in the form of sets of

instructions like the contextualization of new language content
and procedures for repetition and transformation.
Four (4) Principles in Designing Instructional Materials
(Lorenzo as cited in Garo, 2008) (contd)

Principle #4. Instructional materials specify (1) the content to

be learned, (2) the techniques of presentation, practice and use
of the content, and (3) the mode of teaching associated with
those techniques

the mode of communication can be a book, an audiotape, or

audio-video tape, or CD-ROM or card with arranged content or
instructions
the teacher performing specifications actions or using specified
objects is also considered as a mode of presentation
 CRITERIA in
EVALUATING
EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
NEIL CHRISTIAN T. CORALES
Instructor, MMSU-LES
EVALUATION
is a HOLISTIC approach
must judge the strength of the content selected, the strategies
employed, and the instructional materials used including the
preparation of the teacher

One cannot evaluate the instructional devices without norms or

standards on which to base judgment.
SIZE
make sure that the text or picture is seen very clearly by the
farthest pupils
relative sizes of pictures must be observed so as not to
confuse pupils or students
RELEVANCE
content of educational technology must be related to the
learning task on hand and the maturity level and experiences
of the pupils or students
technology must be up-to-date so that the students as well
as the teacher can keep abreast with the needs of the times
COLOR
material can be more effective if they are colorful
the colors used in drawings, illustrations and other materials
should approximate the real-life colors (Montessori
approach)
color harmony is also important consideration so that the
material will be pleasing to look at
ECONOMY
prize of the material does not guarantee its effectiveness
Cheap but properly chosen educational technology can be
effective also as long as the teacher utilizes them alongside
with pedagogical practices
DURABILITY
refers to the length of time the material can be used over and
over again
can the technology stand several uses? Can the school or
the teacher get their moneys worth? Can the teacher do
something to increase their usefulness? How?
EASY TO HANDLE
Is the technology light, easy to put up and manipulate?
Can it be brought to anywhere?
Can it be stored for a long period of time and be retrieved
easily as the needs arise?
NOVELTY
refers to the newness or uniqueness of the material
using one and the same material with different lessons
should be avoided as much as possible because pupils get
bored
learners are focused to materials that have the element of
surprise