The Show of the Century

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 How long can you hold your
Breath?

Timer: https://youtu.be/KSM_ir1nPrY
You may be asking, what is the
Respiratory Intro

Respiratory system? Well, the

Respiratory system is the system that
helps you breath in and out, so
oxygen (02) can be pumped through
your body and carbon dioxide (CO2)
can be removed from the blood
stream. You must remember that the
Respiratory system is made up of
many different organs.

JH
Nasal Respiratory Overview Picture

Cavity
Throat
Nose (pharynx)
Mouth
Windpipe
(Trachea)
Bronchus
Left lungs
Bronchiole Ribs

Alveolus

Diaphragm MB
 Nasal Passage

Where are we? Tongue

Here We Go!!!
Pharynx

The Trachea
Bronchi Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood. JH
The Nose and Mouth

This is where it all begins.

This is where the oxygen first
enters your body and also where
Carbon Dioxide leaves.

MB
 The Nose and Mouth
When the air comes into your nose it gets
filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the
mucus that is in your nose.

Your sinuses also help out with your

Respiratory System. They help to moisten
and heat the air that you breath.

Air can also get into your body through your

mouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as
much when it enters in through your mouth.

MB
 Nose and Mouth Picture

Nasal Cavity

Nostril
Pharynx
Oral Cavity

Here is a picture of your nasal and

oral cavity.
MB
Where are Nasal Passage

We?
We are here. Tongue
Pharynx

The Trachea
Bronchi Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
MB out of the blood.
The Pharynx and Trachea

Next we will head down to your pharynx

(throat) and your trachea (windpipe).
This is where the air passes from your
nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs.

MB
 The Pharynx and Trachea
Mouth Pharynx
(Throat)

Trachea

Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes

through your nose and then the air is passed down to
your trachea (windpipe).

Your trachea is held open by incomplete rings

of cartilage. Without these rings your trachea
might close off and air would not be able to get
to and from your lungs.
MB
 Nasal Passage

Where are
We? Tongue
Pharynx

We are here.
The Trachea
Bronchi Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
MB out of the blood.
The Bronchi Tubes and
Bronchiole Intro

Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into

two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep
splitting up and form your bronchiole.

MB
Alveoli and Bronchi Picture

Trachea

Bronchi Tubes

Bronchiole

Alveoli

MB
 The Bronchi Tubes and
Bronchiole
These bronchi tubes split up, like
tree branches, and get smaller and smaller
inside your lungs.

The air flows past your bronchi tubes

and into your bronchiole. These tubes
keep getting smaller and smaller until they
finally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).
But we will go there later
MB
 Nasal Passage

Where are
We? Tongue
Pharynx

The Trachea
Bronchi Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called We are here.
capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
MB out of the blood.
The Alveoli and Capillary
Network

Now we will head over to the

alveoli and what happens when the
air finally makes it down there.

MB
 Alveoli Picture
Here is a close Capillary
up picture of
your Alveoli
and a Capillary
surrounding it.

Wall of Carbon
the air Dioxide is
sac dropped off
Oxygen is
picked up

Red Blood
Cell MB
 The Alveoli and Capillary
Network
Your alveoli are tiny air sacs
that fill up with air/oxygen when you
breath in.

Your alveoli are surrounded by

many tiny blood vessels called
capillaries.

The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are

so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can
pass through them, traveling right into, or
out of your blood stream.
MB
 Nasal Passage

Where are
We? Tongue
Pharynx

The Trachea
Bronchi Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
We are here. CO2 can pass in and
MB out of the blood.
 Bronchiole
Respiratory Bronchiole
Alveolus

Alveolar Duct
Alveolar Sac
Capillaries

JH
Looking at the Alveoli

Lets take a closer

look shall we.

JH
 Oxygen

Diffusion

Carbon Dioxide

Oxygen diffuses
through the Alveolus
membrane into the
blood stream. Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane*)
Carbon Dioxide
diffuses through the Capillary
membrane and
enters the alveolus.

* A specialized thin layer of skin

that oxygen and carbon dioxide
can pass through. JH
Cool pictures

JH
I
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Now we will look at the Diaphragm.

You might be wondering, what does the
Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm is an
important factor in breathing.

JH
http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes6.htm
 Inspiration
-contraction of diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
 Expiration
relaxation of diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
 Volumes of Air Exchange
Tidal volume - amount of air exhaled normally
after a typical inspiration. Normal - about 500 ml
Vital capacity - the largest volume of air an
individual can move in and out of the lungs.
Depends of many factors
size of thoracic cavity
exercise
posture
volume of blood in lungs congestive heart
failure, emphysema, disease, etc