Java Overview

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 Java Tutorials

Write Once Run Anywhere

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 Course Objectives
Upon completing the course, you will understand
Create, compile, and run Java programs
Primitive data types
Java control flow
Methods
Arrays (for teaching Java in two semesters, this could be the end)
Object-oriented programming
Core Java classes (Swing, exception, internationalization,
multithreading, multimedia, I/O, networking, Java
Collections Framework)

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 What is Java?
1. History of Java.
2. Characteristics of Java

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 History
James Gosling and Sun Microsystems
Oak
Java, May 20, 1995, Sun World
Now Java is the part of Oracle Corporation.
HotJava
The first Java-enabled Web browser
JDK Evolutions
J2SE, J2ME, and J2EE
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 Characteristics of Java
Java is simple
Java is object-oriented
Java is distributed
Java is interpreted
Java is robust
Java is secure
Java is architecture-neutral
Java is portable
Javas performance
Java is multithreaded
Java is dynamic

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 JDK Versions
1. JDK Version 1.0
Codenamed Oak and released on January 23, 1996.

2. JDK Version 1.1

Released on February 19, 1997
New features in JDK 1.1
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)
Inner Classes
Java Beans
RMI (Remote Method Invocation)
Reflection (introspection only)

3. J2SE Version 1.2

Code named Playground and released on December 8,
1998.
New features in J2SE 1.2
Collections framework.
Java String memory map for constants.
Just In Time (JIT) compiler.
Jar Signer for signing Java ARchive (JAR) files.
Version Continued
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 Policy Tool for granting access to system resources.
Java Foundation Classes (JFC) which consists of Swing 1.0, Drag and Drop, and
Java 2D class libraries.
Java Plug-in
Scrollable result sets, BLOB, CLOB, batch update, user-defined types in JDBC.
Audio support in Applets.

4. 2SE Version 1.3

Code named Kestrel and released on May 8, 2000.
New features in J2SE 1.3
Java Sound
Jar Indexing
A huge list of enhancements in almost all the java area.

5. J2SE Version 1.4

Code named Merlin and released on February 6, 2002 (first release under JCP).

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 New features in J2SE 1.4
XML Processing, Java Print Service
Logging API, Java Web Start
JDBC 3.0 API, Assertions
Preferences API, Chained Exception
IPv6 Support, Regular Expressions
Image I/O API

6. J2SE Version 5.0

Code named Tiger and released on September 30, 2004.
New features in J2SE 5.0
Generics
Enhanced for Loop
Autoboxing/Unboxing
Typesafe Enums
Varargs
Static Import
Metadata (Annotations)
Instrumentation

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 Java Version SE 6
Code named Mustang and released on December 11, 2006.
New features in Java SE 6
Scripting Language Support
JDBC 4.0 API, Java Compiler API
Pluggable Annotations, Native PKI, Java GSS, Kerberos and LDAP support.
Integrated Web Services.
Lot more enhancements.

7. Java Version SE 7
Code named Dolphin and released on July 28, 2011.
New features in Java SE 7
Strings in switch Statement
Type Inference for Generic Instance Creation
Multiple Exception Handling
Support for Dynamic Languages
Try with Resources
Java nio Package
Binary Literals, underscore in literals
Diamond Syntax
Automatic null Handling

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 8. Java Version SE 8
Java 8 was released on 18 March 2014. The code name culture
is dropped with Java 8 and so no official code name going
forward from Java 8.
New features in Java SE 8
Lambda Expressions
Pipelines and Streams
Date and Time API
Default Methods
Type Annotations
Nashhorn JavaScript Engine
Concurrent Accumulators
Parallel operations
PermGen Error Removed
TLS SNI

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 JDK Editions
Java Standard Edition (J2SE)
J2SE can be used to develop client-side standalone
applications or applets.
Java Enterprise Edition (J2EE)
J2EE can be used to develop server-side applications
such as Java servlets and Java ServerPages.
Java Micro Edition (J2ME).
J2ME can be used to develop applications for mobile
devices such as cell phones.

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 Difference between JDK, JRE and JVM

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 Process of Compilation and Execution and JVM Architecture

A Java Source File D Class Loader Subsystem

(.java)
Loading Linking Initialization

B Java Compiler 1 4
(javac)
2 5 Initialization

3 6
C Java class File
(.class)
Extension Delegation Algorithm

Continued..
1. Bootstrap class loader 2. Extension Class Loader 3. Application Class Loader
4. Verify 5. Prepare 6. Resolve
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 E Various Memory Area in JVM

t1 tn PC register for t1
t1 tn
Object
Class
data
data
M PC register for tn
Class Object
data data

Method Area Heap Area Stack Area PC Register Native Method Stack

Note:- Every thread one stack area created.

1. Stack Frame 2. Local variable Array 3. Upper end Stack 4. Frame Data

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