Week 1: Aviation Legislation

Aviation Legislation
WEEK 1
INTRODUCTION
1
AVIATION
LEGISLATIONS
ALD 20202
2
WHAT WILL YOU LEARN . . . .

1. Definitions and Abbreviations
2. International Civil Aviation Framework
3. Foreign National Airworthiness Authorities & Applicable Publications
4. Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulatory Framework
5. Maintenance Engineers Licences Certifications
6. Aircraft, Engine and Propeller Log Book
7. Technical Log
8. Aircraft Documentation and Requirements Approvals
9. Defect Reporting
10. DCA Requirements
11. European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)
4
Air Legislation
is the term generally used to define the process through which the laws
relating to all areas of the Civil Aviation industry in Malaysia are enacted.
Air Navigation is a result of a number of stages through which proposed

Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulation (MCAR) is brought into effect.
5
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

DEFINITION
Maintenance means any one or combination of overhaul, repair,

inspection, replacement, modification or defect rectification of an
aircraft/aircraft component.
Overhaul means the restoration of an aircraft/aircraft component
by inspection and replacement in conformity with an approved
standard to extend the operational life.
Repair means the restoration of an aircraft / aircraft component to
a serviceable condition in conformity with an approved standard.
Replacement means a work operation which involves the removal
or replacement of the same part or substitution of an approved
alternate part.
6
DEFINITION contd
Modification means changes made to particular aircraft including the

components, engines, propellers, radio station, accessories, instruments, equipment
of the aircraft and their installations.
Maintenance Data means any information necessary to ensure the aircraft or

aircraft component can be maintained in a condition such that the airworthiness of
the aircraft, or serviceability of operational and emergency equipment are
appropriately issued.
7
ABBREVIATIONS
AMEL Aircraft Maintenance Engineers Licence.
LAME - LICENCE AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE ENGINEER
ATA Air Transport Association.
BCAR British Civil Airworthiness Requirements.
DCA Department of Civil Aviation, Malaysia.
EASA European Aviation Safety Agency
CAA UK Civil Aviation Authority, United Kingdom.
FAA Federal Aviation Administration, United States
8
ABBREVIATIONS. Cont;
FAR Federal Aviation Regulation.

ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation.
JAA Joint Aviation Authorities.
JAR Joint Aviation Requirements.
MCAR Malaysian Civil Aviation Regulations.
CRS Certificate Release To Service
CMR Certificate Maintenance Review
SARPs - Standards And Recommended Practices
9
HISTORY OF AIRCRAFT FLYING
World first international scheduled daily commercial

flight, left London for Paris on 25 Aug. 1919.
Since that day, the development of British Civil Air
Transport has been regulated by a succession of
government and independent bodies.
As the aviation industries progress, more and more
aircraft from various countries operating in
international routes.
10
HISTORY OF AIRCRAFT FLYING
Individually, they are govern by their own

authorities, and it cause air congestion and
accident.
This lead to the formation of International

Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
11
CHICAGO CONVENTION
OBJECTIVES
To foster a common international standard on Aviation
In 1944, representatives of 52 nations convened in
Chicago, USA agrees to regulate Civil Aviation on an
International basis. This convention is universally
known as THE CHICAGO CONVENTION 1944.
Signed on 7th Dec 1944.
Pending ratification by 26 States, Provisional Civil

Aviation Organization (PICAO) was established and
functioned from 6 June 1945 until 4 April 1947.
12
CHICAGO
CHICAGO CONVENTION
CONVENTION
OBJECTIVES
To foster a common international standard on Aviation
Those state/country participating at the convention were

identified as CONTRACTING STATES. An agreement
was reached in the making of laws governing Civil
Aviation Administration.
To administrate the agreements, a permanent body
known as the "INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION
ORGANISATION" (ICAO) was established with the
purpose of controlling the conduct of world wide
aviation. It was set up in Montreal, Canada on 4th April
1947 by members of the Contracting State. 13
CHICAGO
CHICAGO CONVENTION
CONVENTION
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
ICAO was formed on 04 April 1947 in Montreal, Canada

to administer the agreement.
Its composed of the representative of the contracting
states.
The ICAO establishes & recommend acceptable
minimum standard and procedures which are
published as ANNEXES to the convention.
A contracting states convert the annexes and make it
as laws pertaining to aviation in their own country.
14
CHICAGO
CHICAGO CONVENTION
CONVENTION
CONTRACTING STATES
Currently, ICAO comprises of over 191 Contracting States. Malaysia, as a
Contracting State is bound to the Chicago Convention, and adopts ICAOs
Standards and Recommended Procedures (SARPs) as basis for its own Civil
Aviation Regulations.
Vision & Mission
Vision:
Achieve the sustainable growth of the global civil aviation system.
Mission:
To serve as the global forum of States for international civil aviation. ICAO
develops policies and Standards, undertakes compliance audits, performs
studies and analyses, provides assistance and builds aviation capacity through
many other activities and the cooperation of its Member States and
stakeholders. 15
The purpose of ICAO: CHICAGO

CHICAGO CONVENTION
CONVENTION
To promote multilateral agreements between nations in order that international civil aviation may be
developed in a safe and orderly manner and that international air transport services may be establish
on the basis of equality of opportunity and operated soundly and economically.
One of ICAOs chief activities is standardisation, the establishment of International Standards,

Recommended Practices and Procedures covering the technical fields of aviation, which include:
Licensing of personnel Aircraft noise and engine emissions

Aeronautical information services Search and rescue
Aircraft accident investigation Nationality and registration marks
Air traffic services Airworthiness
Aeronautical charts Aeronautical communications
Aeronautical meteorology Rules of the air
Units of measurement Operation of aircraft
Aerodromes Security and the safe transport of dangerous goods 16
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

(ICAO)
Representatives from all Contracting State, 191 Countries, is the

ASSEMBLY sovereign/supreme body of ICAO. It meets every three years,
reviewing in detail the work of the Organisation and setting policy
for the coming years.
Elected from the Assembly for a three-year term, composed of 36
States. As governing body, the Council gives continuing direction to
COUNCIL the work of ICAO. Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs)
are adopted and incorporated as Annexes to the Convention of
International Civil Aviation.
Headed by a Secretary General, is divided into five main divisions: Air
Navigation Bureau, the Technical Co-operation Bureau, the Legal Bureau,
and the Bureau of Administration and Services. To reflect a truly
SECRETARIAT
international approach, professional personnel are recruited on a broad
geographical basis.
17

(ICAO)
I Annex 1 Personnel licensing.
Annex 2 Rules of the air. N
C Annex 3 Meteorological service for international air navigation. A
A Annex 4 Aeronautical charts.
Annex 5 Units of measurement to be used in air and ground
A
O operation.
Annex 6 Operation of aircraft. R
Annex 7 Aircraft nationality and registration mark. E
Annex 8 Airworthiness of aircraft.
A Annex 9 Facilitation.
G
U
N Annex 10 Aeronautical telecommunications.
Annex 11 Air traffic services. L
N Annex 12 Search and rescue. A
Annex 13 Aircraft accident investigation. T
E Annex 14 Aerodrome.
Annex 15 Aeronautical information services. I
X Annex 16 Environmental protection. O
E Annex 17 Security.
Annex 18 The safe transport of dangerous good by air.
N
S
S Annex 19 Safety Management Systems 18

(ICAO)
I World Meteorological Organization G
C O
V
A International Telecom. Union
O A
Universal Postal Union G
A E
World Health Organization N
S C
S Y
International Maritime Organization
O
C
I International Air Transport Association (IATA)
A Airport Council International
T N
G
E International Federation of Airline Pilots Association O
S
International Council of Aircraft Owner & Pilot Associations

(ICAO)
MOST SIGNIFICANT ANNEXES TO LAME
ANNEX 1 - Personnel Licensing

Flight Crew
Air Traffic Controller
Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
As long as air travel cannot do without pilots and other air and ground
personnel, their competence, skills and training will remain the
essential guarantee for efficient and safe operations. Adequate
personnel training and licensing also instill confidence between States,
leading to international recognition and acceptance of personnel
qualifications and licences and greater trust in aviation on the part of
the traveler. 20

(ICAO)
ANNEX 1 - Personnel Licensing

Flight Crew
Air Traffic Controller
Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Standards and Recommended Practices for the licensing of flight crew members
(pilots, flight engineers and flight navigators), air traffic controllers, aeronautical
station operators, maintenance technicians and flight dispatchers , are provided by
Annex 1 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Related training manuals
provide guidance to States for the scope and depth of training curricula which will
ensure that the confidence in safe air navigation, as intended by the Convention and
Annex 1, is maintained. These training manuals also provide guidance for the training
of other aviation personnel such as aerodrome emergency crews, flight operations
officers, radio operators and individuals involved in other related disciplines.
21

(ICAO)
ANNEX 6 Operation of Aircraft

It enumerates specification that ensures safety above a
prescribed minimum in similar personnel
The essence of Annex 6, simply put, is that the operation of aircraft

engaged in international air transport must be as standardized as
possible to ensure the highest levels of safety and efficiency
Part 1 International Commercial Air Transport Aeroplanes
Part 11 International General Aviation Aeroplanes
Part 111 International Operation - Helicopters

22

(ICAO)
ANNEX 8 Airworthiness of Aircraft
It specifies uniform procedures for

certification and inspection of aircraft
In the interest of safety, an aircraft must be designed, constructed

and operated in compliance with the appropriate airworthiness
requirements of the State of Registry of the aircraft. Consequently,
the aircraft is issued with a Certificate of Airworthiness declaring
that the aircraft is fit to fly.
23

(ICAO)
Civil and State Aircraft
This convention is applicable only to the civil aircraft and shall not be
applicable to the State aircraft.
Aircraft used in military, customs and police services shall be deemed

to be state aircraft.
Civil aircraft are those registered with the civil authority and operated
under the Law of the Country.
24

(ICAO)
Civil and State Aircraft
No State aircraft of a contracting State shall fly over the territory

of another state or land thereon without authorization by
special agreement or otherwise, and in accordance with terms
thereof.
The contracting States undertake when issuing regulations for

their State aircraft, that they will have due regard for the safety
of navigation of civil aircraft.
25
IMPORTANT FOREIGN AIRWORTHINESS

AUTHORITIES
INTRODUCTION
DUE TO THEIR PRE-EMINENT STATUS, THE STATES LISTED BELOW, STEM THE FACT
THAT THE CIVIL AVIATION ACTIVITIES ARE AMONG THE MOST NUMEROUS AND
MOST ADVANCE IN THE WORLD.
THEIR CIVIL AVIATION CODES AND ADMINISTRATION SERVE AS A MODEL FOR THE
REST OF THE WORLD.
THE STATES ARE:

- UNITED KINGDOM.
- AUSTRALIA.
- CANADA.
- UNITED STATE OF AMERICA.
- STATES IN EUROPEAN UNION.
26
CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY OF UNITED KINGDOM

(CAA UK)
SPECIALIST REGULATOR FOR THE CIVIL AVIATION OF THE UK.
SERVE AS ADVISOR TO THE DCA OF MALAYSIA.
ITS AIRWORTHINESS CODES FORM THE BASIS FOR MALAYSIAN

AIRWORTHINESS CODES.
MANY COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES FOLLOW THE CAA UK FOR

GUIDANCE.
27
BRITISH CIVIL AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENT

(BCAR)
PUBLISHED BY UK CAA.
GUIDANCE TO DCA FOR REGULATORY PURPOSES.
COMPRISES OF MINIMUM;
> TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT
> ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES THAT FORM THE BASIS FOR:
* CONSTRUCTION OF AIRCRAFT.
* APPROVAL OF EQUIPMENT.
* APPROVAL OF DESIGN ORGANIZATIONS.
* MANUFACTURING AND MAINTENANCE ORGANISATIONS
* APPROVAL OF PERSONNEL.
* CERTIFICATION AND CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS PROCEDURES.
28
BRITISH CIVIL AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENT

(BCAR) cont:
BCAR SET OUT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF:

> CURRENT KNOWLEDGE.
> PERMISSIVE OBJECTIVE, TO THOSE CONCERNED WITH
THE DESIGN, CONSTURCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF AIRCRAFT
TO SHOW POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF COMPLIANCE
WHICH WOULD OFFER EQUIVALANT AIRWORTHINESS.
29
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA) OF

UNITED STATE
ISSUE AND ENFORCES RULES, REGULATION AND
MINIMUM STANDARD TO AERONAUTICAL ACTIVITIES IN
US.
GLOBAL INFLUENCE DUE TO MASSIVE PRESENCE OF US

AVIATION ACTIVITIES WORLDWIDE, INCLUDING
AVIATION PRODUCTS.
EXAMPLE: AIRCRAFT, ENGINES AND PROPELLER AND

ETC.
30
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA) OF

UNITED STATE
PRESCRIBE BY FAA GOVERNING ALL AVIATION ACTIVITIES

IN US.
FARs ARE PART OF THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATION.
ACTIVITIES REGULATED ARE AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TYPICAL
AIRLINES FLIGHT, PILOT TRAINING ACTIVITIES & ETC.
RULES ARE DESIGNNED TO PROMOTE SAFE AVIATION,
PROTECTING PILOT, PASSENGER AND GENERAL PUBLIC
FROM UNNECESSARY RISK.
31
EUROPEAN AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY (EASA)
Established in 2002, HQ at Cologne, Germany with

office in Brussels.
Main activities are strategy and safety
management.
Certification of aviation products.
Oversight of approved organizations and EU
Member States.
The adoption of a European Parliament and Council
Regulation (EC), which put in place a Community
system of air safety and environmental regulation
and creates an aviation safety agency.
32
EUROPEAN AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY (EASA) cont:
EASA with its know-how assists Community legislators in

the development of common rules for:
The certification of aeronautical products, parts and
appliances;
The approval of organization and personnel engaged in the
maintenance of these products;
The approval of air operator;
The licensing of air crew; and
The safety oversight of airports and traffic services operators.
33
CIVIL AVIATION SAFETY of AUSTRALIA (CASAs)
primary function under the Civil Aviation Act 1988 is to

conduct the safety regulation of civil air operation in Australia
territories, and the operations outside Australia territories.
34
LUFTFAHR-BUNDESAMT
(LBA) of GERMANY
is responsible for the supervision of aviation industry.

This supervision is limited to companies designing,
manufacturing and maintaining aeronautical products which are
subject to approval.
Participates in the elaboration of aviation regulations, which
are enacted by the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and
Housing.
Implementation orders to the regulation are issued by the LBA.
35
TRANSPORT CANADA (TC)
is responsible for most of the transportation policies,

programs and goals set by the Government of Canada
to make sure the national transportation systems is
safe, efficient, environmentally sound and accessible to
all its user.
36
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION

(DCA MALAYSIA)
The DCA is formed under the Ministry of Transport, under the

Law of Malaysia Act 3, Civil Aviation Act 1969.
The Minister of Transport may make such regulation as he
considers necessary or expedient to give effect to, and for
better carrying out the objectives and purposes of this Act.
37
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION

(DCA MALAYSIA)
To provide generally for regulating Civil Aviation and for

carrying out the Chicago Convention.
Vision
To be the worlds leading aviation authority.
Mission
To continuously enhance safety, security and efficiency for a
sustainable aviation industry.
Headed by Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)
38
INTRODUCTION
CIVIL AVIATION IN MALAYSIA UNDER JURISDICTION OF MINISTRY

OF TRANSPORT.
IT DELEGATES POWER TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION

(DCA).
HEADED BY DIRECTOR GENERAL CIVIL AVIATION.
Director General of Dato' Azharuddin Abdul Rahman

Civil Aviation Director General of Civil Aviation
www.dca.gov.my Tel : +603 8871 4218
Fax: +603 8889 5691 39
Email : azhar@dca.gov.my
INTRODUCTION
MALAYSIA RECTIFY THE CHICAGO CONVENTION BY LAW OF MALAYSIA

(CONTRACTING STATE) CIVIL AVIATION ACT 1969 ACT 3
ALLOWED THE GOVERNMENT CONTROL ON THE NATION AVIATION ACTIVITIES.
REGULATION UNDER ACT ARE FOUND IN MALAYSIA CIVIL AIRWORTHINESS

REGULATION (MCAR) 1996, ENACTED ON 1 APRIL 1996. (CAR 2016)
BEFORE MCAR BRITISH AIR NAVIGATION ORDER (ANO) WAS ADOPTED AS THE
SOURCE OF MCAR UK 2000.
40
Director General of Civil Aviation
Dato' Azharuddin Abdul Rahman

Director General of Civil Aviation
Tel : +603 8871 4218
Fax: +603 8889 5691
Email : azhar@dca.gov.my
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
AIRWORTHINESS SECTOR
Ikmal Hakimi Ismail FUNCTION

Director of Airworthiness Sector
The Airworthiness Sector carries the regulatory function in respect of

airworthiness through the establishment of standards, recommended
practices and guidelines, and their enforcement as required by the Civil
Aviation Act [CAA] 1969.
PROGRAMS
The primary role of this Sector is to enhance and promote aviation safety
through effective and up-to-date airworthiness regulation and by
encouraging industry to deliver high standards of airworthiness. These
processes include registration of civil aircraft, certification of aircraft design
and built standards, licensing of aircraft maintenance engineers,
approval of relevant organizations, development of standards and safety
investigation.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
Ahmad Nizar Zolfakar

Director of Air Traffic Management Sector
AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

SECTOR
FUNCTION
The Air Traffic Management Sector is responsible for the provision
of air traffic service for the safe and efficient conduct of flight within
Malaysian airspace pursuant to the Chicago Convention 1947. Air
Traffic Service is a generic term which encompasses air traffic
control, advisory, flight information and alerting service.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
Capt. Dato' Yahaya Abd Rahman

Director of Flight Operations Sector
FLIGHT OPERATIONS SECTOR
FUNCTION
Regulate flight operations activities inclusive of aircrew licensing and
air/ground operator certification, provides navigational aids calibration
services locally and regionally.
PROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES

Flight Crew Licensing includes issuing, renewal and verification of pilots
and flight engineers licenses. Pilot licences processed are Private Pilot
License (PPL), Commercial Pilot License (CPL) and Airline Transport Pilot
License (ATPL).
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
Dr Zainul Fuad Mohd Wahi AIRPORT STANDARDS DIVISION

Director of Airport Standards Division
FUNCTION
The primary role of Airport Standards Division is to regulate aerodrome activities

in ensuring safe and efficient operations for public safety in the vicinity of
aerodromes.
PROGRAM & ACTIVITIES
The Airport Standards Division ensures that any aerodrome opened to public
transport operations shall meet the Annex 14 requirements in terms of facilities
and specifications.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
AIR TRANSPORT DIVISION

Mohd Yunus Charlie Charrington
Director of Air Transport
FUNCTION
The primary role of the Air Transport Division is to promote a sustainable, economic
and efficient air transport industry.
PROGRAMME & ACTIVITIES
Issuance of Air Service Licences, Air Service Permits and Dangerous Goods
Permits A license or permit is required for carriage of passengers, mail or cargo for
hire and reward. In coordination with the Flight Operations and Airworthiness
Sectors, the Division ensures that operators meet the requirements for an Air Service
Licence or an Air Service Permit. Issuance of Dangerous Goods Permits is
coordinated with Flight Operations Sector and Aviation Security Division.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
THE AIR TRAFFIC INSPECTORATE

Tay Siew Huang DIVISION
Director of Air Traffic Inspectorate
FUNCTION
The Air Traffic Inspectorate Division is the regulatory body that oversees the provision of ANS
by the ANS providers to ensure compliance with the Civil Aviation Act 1969 and the Civil
Aviation Regulations 1996, and ANS-related ICAO Annexes to the Chicago Convention.
PROGRAMME & ACTIVITIES

The Air Traffic Inspectorate Develops and establishes the ANS safety standards, and performs
safety oversight and surveillance activities. From time to time, the Air Traffic Inspectorate
Division may supplement ANS safety standards in the form of safety publications such as Air
Traffic Inspectorate Directives (ATIDs) or Aeronautical Information Circulars (AICs). Where
appropriate, these safety publications will be incorporated into the Manual by amendments.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES

Capt. Rusli Abd Rahman
Director Of Aviation Security
AVIATION SECURITY DIVISION
Division
FUNCTION
The Aviation Security Division is responsible for safeguarding domestic and international civil
aviation against acts of unlawful interference, as guided by the ICAO Annexes 9, 17 and 18, as
well as DOC 8973 and DOC 9284.

Aviation Security Programs are developed by relevant organisations to ensure that the level of
security measures within an airport and at vital installations satisfies national laws and ICAO
standards. This includes security requirements during airport construction and
renovation. The program defines laws, standard and regulation of aviation security associated
to Airlines Security Programme which is based on NCASP and ICAO regulation. The Division
also reviews the standard operating procedure of security units and evaluates Contingency
Plans.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
MALAYSIA AVIATION ACADEMY DIVISION

Jamil Khir Bin Mohamed
Director Of Malaysia Aviation Academy
FUNCTION
The MAVA provides aviation related training to meet national and international needs; for
operational and management personnel.
Controllers training, which shall observe international standards and up-to-date techniques.
Controllers training includes a range of courses from ab-initio training for new recruits to
other advanced courses required to provide Air Traffic Services within Malaysia. ATC courses
scheduling is coordinated with the ATM Sector on need basis.
.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES
MANAGEMENT SERVICES DIVISION

Kamaruzaman Yaacob
Director Of Management Services
FUNCTION
The Management Services Division oversees the housekeeping of the department, including
finance, administrative, service matters and welfare of the officers and staff.
Human Resource And General Administration Section manages service matters such as
appointment, resignation, job confirmation and pension.
THE DCAM ACTIVITIES

Vacant
Legal Advisor
LEGAL ADVISOR OFFICE
FUNCTION
This units function is to advise DCA on legal matters that are associated with the
functionality of the department
.

Interpretation of Law
To assist DCA in interpreting relevant laws which are applicable in carrying out DCAs role in
the aviation industry.
Advisory
To advise DCA on legal matters referred from time to time.
Director of
Airworthiness Sector Ikmal Hakimi Ismail
Tel: +603-88714015
Fax: +603 8871 4181
Email: ikmal@dca.gov.my
FUNCTION
The Airworthiness Sector carries the regulatory function in respect of
airworthiness through the establishment of standards, recommended practices
and guidelines, and their enforcement as required by the Civil Aviation Act [CAA]
1969.
The primary role of this Sector is to enhance and promote aviation safety through
effective and up-to-date airworthiness regulation and by encouraging industry to
deliver high standards of airworthiness. Airworthiness activities are regulated
through various processes, taking into consideration all aspects of the
airworthiness which have an impact on aviation safety. 52
Department of Civil Aviation Malaysia (DCAM)

The Airworthiness Unit of DCA was established in
1972, under the Flight Operation Division to regulate
maintenance activities.
Contract to CAAUK and adopted BCAR.
Upgraded to Division in 1992 with the expansion of job
functions and responsibilities.
Malaysian gradually replace UK personnel and since
1999 fully manned by Malaysian.
Become a Sector in 2007 with further expansion of job
function and responsibilities 53
Department of Civil Aviation Malaysia
Function of Airworthiness Sector is to carry out

the regulatory function in respect of
airworthiness through the establishment of
Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs)
and guidelines
Primary role is to enhance and promote
aviation safety through effective and up-to-date
airworthiness regulation. 54
Achieves through various process such as:

Registration of civil aircraft,
Certification of aircraft design and built
standards,
Licensing of aircraft maintenance engineers,
Approval of relevant organizations,
Development of standards and safety
investigation 55

Airworthiness regulating activities are:
Engineering
Certification of aeronautical products,
Issues of Airworthiness Directive,
Approval of modification and repairs, and
Approval of Design Organization and Production Organization.
Repair Station
Investigation of incidents and defects,
Approval of Maintenance Organization / Repair station.
56

Maintenance
Initial issue and renewal of Certificate of Airworthiness,
Approval of aircraft maintenance & facilities,
Continuing airworthiness maintenance, and
Investigation of incidents & defects.
Engineering Licensing
Examination of Engineers,
Approval of training organization, and
Licensing of Aircraft Maintenance Engineers (AME)
57
Standards
Registration of all civil aircraft and aircraft mortgage,
Develop and update standards, requirement and
procedures, and
Analyze airworthiness data, including all occurrences
reporting, service difficulties reporting, malfunction
and defects.
58
A. Engineering B. Repair Stations
Certification of aeronautical products issue of ADs Investigation of Incidents & Defects
Approval of Modification and Repair Approval of AMO /Repair Stations.
Approval of Design Org. and Production Org.
C. Maintenance
Initial Issue and Renewal of C of A
Approval of Aircraft Maint.& Facilities
Continuing Airworthiness Maintenance
Airworthiness Sector Investigation of Incidents & Defects
Regulating Activities
D. Engineers Licensing
Examination of Engineers Approval of
ATO / Licensing of AME
E. Standards
Registration of all civil aircraft and aircraft mortgage
UniKL MIAT
Develop and update standards, requirement and procedures
Analyse airworthiness data, including all occurrence reporting,
service difficulties reporting, malfunction and defects.
59
MCAR
MALAYSIA CIVIL AVIATION

REGULATIONS
(MCAR)
(CAR 2016)
60
DCA PUBLICATION
MALAYSIAN CIVIL AVIATION REGULATION (MCAR)
The MCAR is a document which details the LAW OF THE LAND CONCERNING
CIVIL AVIATION.
Applicable to all AIRCRAFT REGISTERED in MALAYSIA or in countries which

the Order applies.
The MCAR is published in both English and Bahasa Malaysia
Passed by the Dewan Rakyat and becomes law
The content of the MCAR are in accordance with Chicago Convention 1944.
61
History of how MCAR came into effect
The Chicago Convention 1944
The International Civil Aviation Organisation
The British Civil Aviation Act 1949
The British Air Navigation Order 1953
The British Air Navigation Order (General Regulation)1981
MALAYSIAN CIVIL AVIATION REGULATION 1996 1st.Apr.1996
Civil Aviation Regulation 2016 62

MCAR
Published by Authority as Civil Aviation Regulations 1996 and became effective on

1st April 1996.
MCAR consists of 204 Regulations in 16 Parts, and 16 Schedules.(CAR 2016)

Regulation contains broad detail of the Parts.
Specified guidance and interpretations of contain Regulations contained in the
Schedules of the MCAR.
63
CAR 2016
Published by Authority as Civil Aviation Regulations 2016 and

became effective on 15 April 2016.
CAR 2016 consists of 209 Regulations in 28 Parts, and 3

Schedules.
Regulation contains broad detail of the Parts.
Specified guidance and interpretations of contain Regulations
contained in the Schedules of the CAR 2016
64

Week 1: Aviation Legislation

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Week 1: Aviation Legislation

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Aviation Legislation

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN . . . .

Air Navigation is a result of a number of stages through which proposed

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Maintenance means any one or combination of overhaul, repair,

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Modification means changes made to particular aircraft including the

Maintenance Data means any information necessary to ensure the aircraft or

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

FAR Federal Aviation Regulation.

HISTORY OF AIRCRAFT FLYING

World first international scheduled daily commercial

HISTORY OF AIRCRAFT FLYING

Individually, they are govern by their own

This lead to the formation of International

Pending ratification by 26 States, Provisional Civil

Those state/country participating at the convention were

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

ICAO was formed on 04 April 1947 in Montreal, Canada

The purpose of ICAO: CHICAGO

One of ICAOs chief activities is standardisation, the establishment of International Standards,

Licensing of personnel Aircraft noise and engine emissions

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

Representatives from all Contracting State, 191 Countries, is the

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

ANNEX 1 - Personnel Licensing

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

ANNEX 1 - Personnel Licensing

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

ANNEX 6 Operation of Aircraft

The essence of Annex 6, simply put, is that the operation of aircraft

Part 11 International General Aviation Aeroplanes

Part 111 International Operation - Helicopters

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

MOST SIGNIFICANT ANNEXES TO LAME

ANNEX 8 Airworthiness of Aircraft

It specifies uniform procedures for

In the interest of safety, an aircraft must be designed, constructed

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

Civil and State Aircraft

Aircraft used in military, customs and police services shall be deemed

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION

Civil and State Aircraft

No State aircraft of a contracting State shall fly over the territory

The contracting States undertake when issuing regulations for

IMPORTANT FOREIGN AIRWORTHINESS

THE STATES ARE:

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY OF UNITED KINGDOM

SPECIALIST REGULATOR FOR THE CIVIL AVIATION OF THE UK.

SERVE AS ADVISOR TO THE DCA OF MALAYSIA.

ITS AIRWORTHINESS CODES FORM THE BASIS FOR MALAYSIAN

MANY COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES FOLLOW THE CAA UK FOR

BRITISH CIVIL AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENT

BRITISH CIVIL AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENT

BCAR SET OUT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF:

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA) OF

GLOBAL INFLUENCE DUE TO MASSIVE PRESENCE OF US

EXAMPLE: AIRCRAFT, ENGINES AND PROPELLER AND

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA) OF

PRESCRIBE BY FAA GOVERNING ALL AVIATION ACTIVITIES