METABOLISME KARBOHIDRAT

D3_2012
Metabolisme Karbohidrat
Glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Pentose phosphate pathway
Citric acid cycle (Siklus Krebs)
Fosforilasi Oksidatif
Sistim Transpot Elektron
GLIKOLISIS Glyceraldehyde-3-P
Glukosa NAD+ + Pi Gly-3-P
ATP Hexokinase NADH + H+ dehydrogenase

ADP Glucokinase
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
Glukosa-6-phosphat ADP Phosphoglycerate
Phosphohexose ATP kinase
isomerase
3-phosphoglycerate
Fructosa-6-phosphat Phosphoglycerate
ATP mutase
Phospho-
ADP Fructokinase-1 2-phosphoglycerate

Fructosa-1,6-phosphat enolase

Aldolase Phosphoenolpyruvate
Gly-3-P DHAP ADP
pyruvate
Triosephosphate ATP kinase
isomerase
Pyruvate
 GLUKONEOGENESIS

Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glukosa
NAD+ + Pi Gly-3-P Pi Glukosa-6-
NADH + H+ dehydrogenase phosphatase
H2O
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate Glukosa-6-phosphat
ADP Phosphoglycerate
Phosphohexose
ATP kinase
isomerase
3-phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglycerate Fructosa-6-phosphat
H2O mutase Pi
Fructose 1,6
2-phosphoglycerate
H2O bisphosphatase
enolase
Phosphoenolpyruvate Fructosa-1,6-phosphat
PEP carboxykinase
Aldolase
Oxaloacetate
Gly-3-P DHAP
Pi + ADP
Pyruvate carboxylase
Triosephosphate
HCO3- +ATP Pyruvate isomerase
 GLIKOLISIS GLUKONEOGENESIS

Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glyceraldehyde-3-P
NAD+ + Pi Gly-3-P NAD+ + Pi Gly-3-P
NADH + H+ dehydrogenase NADH + H+ dehydrogenase

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
ADP Phosphoglycerate ADP Phosphoglycerate
ATP kinase ATP kinase

3-phosphoglycerate 3-phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglycerate Phosphoglycerate
mutase H2O mutase
2-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate
enolase
enolase
Phosphoenolpyruvate
Phosphoenolpyruvate PEP carboxykinase
ADP Oxaloacetate
pyruvate
ATP Pi + ADP
kinase Pyruvate carboxylase
Pyruvate HCO3- +ATP Pyruvate
 GLIKOLISIS GLUKONEOGENESIS

Glukosa Glukosa
ATP Hexokinase Pi Glukosa-6-
ADP Glucokinase H2O phosphatase
Glukosa-6-phosphat Glukosa-6-phosphat
Phosphohexose Phosphohexose
isomerase isomerase

Fructosa-6-phosphat Fructosa-6-phosphat
ATP Phospho- Pi
Fructose 1,6
ADP Fructokinase-1 H2O bisphosphatase

Fructosa-1,6-phosphat Fructosa-1,6-phosphat
Aldolase Aldolase
Gly-3-P DHAP Gly-3-P DHAP
Triosephosphate Triosephosphate
isomerase isomerase
SIKLUS ASAM SITRAT (Krebs)
CO2 NADH + H+

Pyruvat

NAD+ Co-
ASH
Mekanisme transpot elektron NADH
(hasil glikolisis) dari sitoplasma ke jalur
fosforilasi oksidatif (FO) dalam
mitokondria, ada 2 cara:
1.Malate-aspartate shuttle
2.glycerol phosphate shuttle
Malate-Aspartate Shuttle
Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle
 Total energi (ATP)
Glikolisis: Malat-asp-Shuttle Gli-P-Shuttle
ATP: 2 2x1=2 2x1=2
NADH2: 2 2x3=6 2x2=4
Siklus Krebs:
ATP: 2 2x1=2 2x1=2
NADH2:8 8x3=24 8x3=24
FADH2:2 2x2=4 2x2=4

Total 38 ATP 36 ATP

SIKLUS CORI

blood

laktat