Managerial Economics

MARKET STRUCTURE

Suherman Rosyidi
 Definitions
Firm: A business entity
that produces and sells a
specific product.

Firm = seller = producer

Industry : A group of
competing firms.

Industry = market.
 Industry Matrix

Products
No. of
Homogeneous Differentiated
Firms
Pure / Perfect Imperfect / Monopolis-
Many tic Competition
Competition

Few Oligopoly
-
One - Monopoly
 Perfect Competition

No consumer prefference.
Free entry and exit
Everybody is price taker
 Perfect Competition -
Jangka Pendek

(Industri) (Firm)

MC
S AC
A S E
P B P AR = MR
P P AR = MR
D A M

Q R q q Output
Output
 Bukti samanya AR dan MR

P konstan = a
Oki, TR = P.Q = aQ
AR = TR / Q = a
MR = dTR / dQ = a
Dg dmk AR = MR
 Bukti Equilibrium
= TR TC
FOC:

d dTR dTC
0
Rp
X dQ dQ dQ

MC MR MC = 0
MR MR = MC
SOC:
0 Q MR < MC
 Perfect Competition --
Jangka Panjang

MC
Revenue and Cost

AC

E
P AR = MR

0 Q
Output
Persaingan monopolistik
Sebagai akibat
diferensiasi produk:
Setiap firm memiliki
derajat tertentu
monopoli
Kurve demand miring
ke kanan bawah
Entry tidaklah bebas.
Monopolistic Competition -
Jangka pendek
Revenue and Cost

MC

AC
P S

A R
AR

Q
MR Output
Monopolistic Competition -
masuknya (para) pesaing baru
Revenue and Cost

MC

AC

AR

AR

Output
MR
MR