FIRE FIGHTING FOAM

Submitted by :-
Arpit Mathur
500034435
 FOAM

A stable aggregation of small

bubbles of lower density than oil
or water that exhibits a tenacity for
covering horizontal surfaces.
 WHY USE FOAM?
Many agents can extinguish a class B fire,
however, foam provides:

Suppression of flammable vapors

Prevention of fuel ignition, or re-ignition
Post fire security
 Categories of class B fire

Hydrocarbon Polar
fuel solvents

Crude oil, fuel oil, Alcohols, acetone,

gasoline ,benzene laquer thinner,
, naptha, jet fuel, ketones, esters,
kerosene acids, hydrophilic
HOW FIRE FIGHTING FOAM WORKS ?
Separates

Cools

Smothers

Penetrates
HOW FOAM WORKS ?
 STANDARDS
Indian Standard IS 4989(PART 4) : 2003
MULTIPURPOSE AQUEOUS FILM REAFFIRMED 2008
FORMING FOAM LIQUID
CONCENTRATE FOR
EXTINGUISHING HYDROCARBON
AND POLAR SOLVENT FIRES
SPECIFICATION
Indian Standard IS 4989 : 2006
FOAM CONCENTRATE FOR [Amalgamating IS 4989 (Part 1):
PRODUCING MECHANICAL FOAM 1985,
FOR FIRE FIGHTING IS 4989 (Part 2): 1984 and IS 4989
SPECIFICATION (Part 3): 1987]
REAFFIRMED 2012
 STANDARDS
Standard for low, medium and NFPA 11:2002
high expansion foam
Specification for low-expansion
foam concentrates for top ISO 7203-1 2011
application to water-immiscible
liquids
Specification for medium- and
high-expansion foam ISO 7203-2 2011
concentrates for top application
to water-immiscible liquids
Standard for Foam Equipment
and Liquid Concentrates UL 162
 TYPES OF FOAM COMPOUNDS
compound

Mechanical Chemical Synthetic

Low Medium High Flouro

Protein
protein

AFFF FFFP AR-AFFF

Mechanical :- Classification based on expansion ratio

Chemical :- Classification based on composition

 MECHANICAL FOAM COMPOUND
Low expansion Foam expansion ratio may
be upto 50 : 1, but usually
between 5:1 to 15:1.
Medium expansion
Foam expansion ratio vary
from 51:1 to 500:1
High expansion Foam expansion ratio vary
from 501:1 to 1500:1,
usually between 750:1 to
1000:1
TYPES OF FOAM CONCENTRATE

Type 1 : - 99% water 1% concentrate

Type 3 : - 97% water 3% concentrate

Type 6 : - 94% water 6% concentrate

 FOAM CONCENTRATE
Protein foam # (3,6) A foam concentrate that has a
hydrolyzed protein base with stabilizing
additives suitable for Class A and B
fires (only non polar solvent).
AFFF (Aquaeous film forming A foam concentrate that has a
foam) # (1,3,6) fluorinated surfactant with stabilizing
additive and synthetic surfactants
foaming agents for Class A and B fires
(only non polar solvent).
FFFP (film forming flouro protein) A foam concentrate that is protein
# (3,6) base with one or more fluorinated
surfactant additives for Class A and B
fires
A foam concentrate that is protein
FP (flouro protein) # (3,6) base with one or more fluorinated
surfactant additives for Class A and B
# (type of concentrate) fires
 FOAM CONCENTRATE
Alcohol resistance aqueous film
forming foam (AR-AFFF) # (3/3 &
3/6)
Alcohol Resistance Fluoro Protein
Foam (AR-FP) # () 3/3 & 3/6
Alcohol Resistance Film Forming
Fluoro Protein Foam (AR-FFFP)
# (3/3 & 3/6)
Synthetic Foam (SF) # (1,3,6)
A foam concentrate that has a
fluorinated surfactant with stabilizing
additive of Polysaccharide and
synthetic surfactants foaming agents
for Class A and B fires.
A foam concentrate that has Protein
base with one or more fluorinated
surfactant with stabilizing additive of
Polysaccharide for Class A and B fires
A foam concentrate that has Protein
base with one or more fluorinated
surfactant with stabilizing additive of
Polysaccharide for Class A and B fires
A non-fluoro surfactant base
concentrate & non hydrolyzed
protein suitable only for Class A fire.
QUALITATIVE REQUIREMENT
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT