Earth Science Test Review

Surface Water, Oceans & Pollution

 The rise and fall of water on earth is caused mainly by
a. the moon's gravity.
b. the Earth's tilted axis.
c. the moon's phases.
d. changes in the weather
Oceans have a huge effect on weather and
climate mainly because

a. oceans have huge waves

b. oceans are very salty
c. the fish and sea creatures give off heat
d. oceans hold and spread heat around the
world by currents
How are currents created?
a. Earth's rotation
b. Temperature
c. Earth's wind
d. All of the above
An aquifer is
a. A permeable layer of rock and sediment that can store and carry
groundwater in enough quantity to supply wells.
b. A permeable layer of rock and sediment that can not store and carry
groundwater in enough quantity to supply wells
c. A permeable layer of sand and sediment that can store and carry
groundwater in enough quantity to supply wells
d. A non-permeable layer of rock and sediment that can store and carry
groundwater in enough quantity to supply wells
Water density increases as decreases.
a. salinity
b. sand
c. oxygen levels
d. temperature
The region of land where water from rain and melting snow or ice flows
downhill into a body of water is called a
a. flood plain
b. divide
c. drainage basin
d. delta
Two ways to conserve water are

a. by limiting its use and obtaining alternating methods of creating

fresh water.
b. by soil conservation and restoration.
c. by creating dams and artificial levees.
The approximate depth of this open ocean zone is
200 meters to 1,500 meters.
a. benthic
b. aphotic
c. photic
d. intertidal
Because of the Coriolis effect, surface currents in
the Southern Hemisphere are deflected
a. to the left
b. to the right
c. north
d. south
Less than of the water on Earth is usable fresh
water.
a. 78%
b. 50%
c. 20%
d. 1%
Concentration of dissolved salts in water
a. salinity
b. turbidity
c. permeability
d. conductivity
Which of the following DOES NOT cause a
decrease in salinity?
a. evaporation
b. melting of sea ice
c. precipitation
d. runoff
This is a partially enclosed body of water where
seawater mixes with freshwater.
a. swamp
b. source zone
c. mangrove forest
d. estuary
What is the continental shelf?

a. the bottom of the ocean where little light penetrates therefore there
is very little life
b. the large flat region of the open ocean floor
c. a gently sloping shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward
from the edge of the continent
d. a steep incline leading down from the edge of the continental shelf
The northern hemisphere surface currents flow in a ____direction and
the southern hemisphere surface currents flow in a _____direction.

a. clockwise, clockwise
b. clockwise, counterclockwise
c. counterclockwise, clockwise
d. counterclockwise, counterclockwise
Some rivers and lakes near large farms are heavily
polluted. What is the most likely reason for this?
a. excessive use of fertilizers on farms
b. decaying animal carcasses
c. trash dumping into rivers