Application
Stainless steel and nickel alloys
Structural steel.
Aluminum alloy
Some offshore application
Advantages
It provide higher deposition rate.
It is faster comparing to arc welding because it supply
filler material continuously.
It produce clean weld with better quality.
It can be easily automated
WELDING SYMBOLS AND
POSITION
WELDING DEFECTS
SPATTER UNDERCUT
Causes
Causes Arc voltage too high.
Welding current too high.
Arc too long.
Arc too long.
Incorrect electrode use or
Incorrect polarity arc blow.
electrode angle.
Insufficient gas shielding
Travel speed too high
Remedies
Reduce welding current. Remedies
Reduce arc length. Lower arc voltage, Reduce arc length.
Check shielding gas type and flow Apply electrode angle of 30 to 45
rate, Clean gas nozzle, Increase torch Reduce travel speed.
to plate angle. Use a smaller diameter electrode.
WELDING DEFECTS
CRACKS DISTORSION
Causes Causes
Weld cools down too rapidly. Plates clamped insufficiently
Hydrogen in the weld e.g. because of wet Unsuitable welding sequence.
weld edges, shielding gases. Too many and too thin beads, usually
The base material is prone to hardening because the electrode is too small.
(because of a high C content or other
alloying elements). Remedies
Remedies Weld from both sides of the joint. Weld
Remove moisture from welding zone from the centre out, in opposite directions.
Use low-hydrogen welding consumables Compensate for shrinkage by fixing the
Apply a higher preheat temperature work pieces with a counter-angle.
WELDING DEFECTS