ICM

Vital recordings
VITALS
Pulse
Respiration

Temperature

Blood pressure

Also includes
Height

Weight

BMI
TYPES
Biceps Reflex
Triceps Reflex

Brachioradialis Reflex

Patellar Reflex

Achillis Tendon Reflex

ADDITIONAL VITALS
Pain scale
Pulse oximetry

Glascow coma scale

Blood glucose level

WHAT IS PULSE?
Pressure wave travelling along the wall of the
blood vessel.
It usually mirrors the systolic contraction of the
heart and the blood circulation.

Types
Central vs peripheral

Arterial vs Venous

Eg. Radial pulse, jugular pulse, carotid pulse

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERIPERAL PULSE.
Rate
Expressed as per minute.

Rhythm
Regular or Irregular

Volume
Low , normal or high volume
WHAT IS NORMAL RANGE
Depends on the age, physiological state of the
body.
It also depends on
Activity level

Fitness level

Air temperature

Body position (standing up or lying down, for

example)
Emotions

Body size

Medications
RANGE(PULSE/HEART RATE)
In infant 100-160/min
Above 12 years 60-100/min

Anything >100/min is tacycardia and <60/min is

bradycardia
WHERE AND HOW TO RECORD?
Most common radial artery

Using your middle (long) and index (pointer)

fingers, gently feel for the radial artery inside
your wrist. You will feel the radial pulse beating
when you find it. Do not use your thumb to take
the pulse because it has a pulse of its own.
BODY TEMPERATURE
Human are homeothermic.

Temperature maintaince very important for the

functioning of the human body.

It is under the control of the hypothalamus

RANGE
Normal body temperarture varies for an
individual depending on how it measured

Normal oral temp is 36.537.5 C (97.799.5 F)

Normal rectal temp .4 C more than oral

temperature and closely reflects body core
temperature
 Temperature variations

More than 99.9 F/ 37.7 C is fever.

More than 104 F/ 40 C is hyperpyrexia.

Less than 95 F/ 35 C is hypothermia.

RESPIRATION

Number of breathes taken by an individual in 1

minute is called respiratory rate.

It varies depending on the physiological state of

the person
NORMAL RANGE
Adult it is 12-20/min

Infant 30-60/min
TYPES OF RESPIRATION
Apnea
Cessation of breathing
Bradyapnea

Respiratory rate <12/min in adult

Tachypnea

Respiratory rate >20/min in adult

Dyspnea

Difficulty in breathing
Orthopnea

Difficulty in breathing while lying down.

Platyapnea

Difficulty in breathing while sitting or standing.

BLOOD PRESSURE
It is the lateral pressure exerted by the blood on
the arterial wall.

Contains two readings

And expressed as

Systolic reading/Diastolic reading mm of Hg

RANGE
KOROTKOFF SOUNDS

The first Korotkoff sound is the snapping sound

first heard at the systolic pressure.

The second sounds are the murmurs.

The third sound was described as a loud, crisp

tapping sound.

The fourth sound, "thumping" and "muting".

The fifth Korotkoff sound is silent

HOW TO RECORD BLOOD PRESSURE
http://wn.com/measuring_blood_pressure
BMI
The body mass index (BMI) is a value derived
from the mass (weight) and height of an
individual.

BMI is currently the best available

anthropometric estimate of fatness for public
health purposes.
BMI FORMULA (METRIC)
BMI FORMULA (IMPERIAL)
BMI VS BSA
BSA (body surface area)

In physiology and medicine, the body surface

area (BSA) is the measured or calculated
surface area of a human body. For many clinical
purposes BSA is a better indicator of metabolic
mass than body weight because it is less affected
by abnormal adipose mass.
BSA FORMULA