COMPUTER NETWORK

AND INTERNET
PRESENTED BY: AYESHA HAMZA
ROLL NO: 03
 Definition -Network
In information technology a network is a series of points or
nodes. Nodes are network computer devices that originate ,
route and terminate the data . Nodes can include hosts such as
personal computers, phones, server as well as networking
hardware. Two such devices can be said to be networked
together when one device is able to exchange information with
the other device.
Wikipedia, Encyclopedia
Image of networking
 Properties
Computer networking may be considered as branch of computer science or
information technology.
Network can also be defined as data transmission technology , it carries both
type of singles also in form of data and sounds.
It can be in form of dial up connections and or in form of physical links.
It makes interpersonal communication more easier by using e mail or video
chat.
Encyclopedia ,Wikipedia
 Types of network
LAN Local area network.
The computer are geographically close together.
WAN-wide area network.
The computer are farther apart and are connected by telephone lines or radio
waves.
CAN-campus area network.
The campus are within limited geographic area for example military base.
MAN-metropolitan area network
 Types of network
A data network designed for city.
HAM- home area network
A network contains within a home and connects any persons s digital devices.
 Network Topology

The geometric arrangement of network, bus star and rings are common.
Bus Topology
All devices are connected to central cable, called the bus or backbone.
Bus network are inexpensive and essay to install.

 Star Topology
All devices are connected to central hub.
These networks are essay to install and manage.
 Ring Topology
All topologies are connected to each other in a loop so that one device is
connected to two other devices.
This topology is comparatively expensive and difficult to install.
 Mesh Topology

In this topology there is a server and connected with computers.

Computer are also connected with each other.
 Tree Topology
In this type of topology there is a main bus and hubs are connected with it .
Many other computers are computers or devices are connected with it.
It is combination of bus topology and star topology.
 Hybrid topology
In this topology bus topology is connected with star topology.
 Internet
The internet is worldwide system of computer network. Network of
networks in which user can get information from any other computer .
Uses of internet
The most common uses of internet in form of services like e mail, on line
music, online shopping, digital newspaper and book.
Through internet we can handle many business and financial affairs.
Adapting a website technology we can access any information from any where.
 Optical fiber
For all for data transmission , optical fiber cables are laid deep under the
ocean. These are laid by ISP internet service provider.
 How internet works
When we send any information or massage from net it converts into packets
During preparing of packets ,an address is assigned to packets , is called IP .
Now our massage are change into electronic singles and are transmitted in
phone line.
On the other side of phone line ISP has a direct connection to internet.
The ISP router determine the packet address and determine where it has to
go.
Diagram of ISP