Aditya Putra Kusuma

Perilaku Organisasi
Motivation
DR. TUNGGA BUANA IRFANA
Motivation in
Organizations
Motivasi
merupakan kegiatan yang
mengakibatkan, menyalurkan, dan
memelihara perilaku manusia.
THE NATURE OF MOTIVATION

Motivation
Motivation is the set of forces that causes people to engage in one
behavior rather than some alternative behavior.
The Importance of Motivation
Managers strive to motivate people in the organization to perform at
high levels
This means getting them to work hard, to come to work regularly, and to
make positive contributions to the organizations mission.
FORMULA OF PERFORMANCE

P=M+A+E
P = Performance
M = Motifation
A = Ability
E = Environment
THE NATURE OF MOTIVATION

1 2 3

6 5 4
The Motivational Framework

We can start to understand motivation by

looking at need deficiencies and goal-directed
behaviors
Historical Perspectives on
Motivation
The Traditional ApproachThe Traditional Approach
As one basic premise of this approach, Taylor assumed that employees
are economically motivated and work to earn as much money as they
can.
The Human Relations Approach
The human relations approach assumed that employees want to feel
useful and important.
The Human Resource Approach
The human resource approach to motivation carries the concepts of
needs and motivation one step farther
NEED-BASED PERSPECTIVES
ON MOTIVATION
ERG THEORY (Existence,
Relatednes, and Growth needs)
1) Existence atau keberadaan adalah suatu kebutuhan akan tetap
bisa hidup sesuai dengan tingkat kebutuhan tingkat rendah dari
Maslow yaitu meliputi kebutuhan fisiologis dan kebutuhan akan rasa
aman.
2) Relatedness atau hubungan mencakup kebutuhan untuk
berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Kebutuhan ini sesuai dengan
kebutuhan afiliasi dari Maslow.
3) Growth atau pertumbuhan adalah kebutuhan yang mendorong
seseorang untuk memiliki pengaruh yang kreatif dan produktif
terhadap diri sendiri atau lingkungan. Realisasi dari kebutuhan
penghargaan dan perwujudan diri dari Maslow.
The Dual-Structure
Theory of Motivation
Motivation factors

Are intrinsic to the work itself and include factors such as

achievement and recognition.

Hygiene factors

Are extrinsic to the work itself and include factors such as pay and
job security.
PROCESS-BASED PERSPECTIVES
ON MOTIVATION
Process-based perspectives are concerned with how motivation
occurs.

The Equity Theory of Motivation

The equity theory of motivation is based on the relatively simple
premise that people in organizations want to be treated fairly.
Forming Equity Perceptions
Effort-to-Performance Expectancy
MOTIVATION AND EMPLOYEE
PERFORMANCE

Chapter 6: Motivating Employee Performance Through

Rewards