Blood Typing Lab

Whodunit?
 Blood typing
Whats your blood type? O+

ABO and Rh are totally independent of

each other
ABO Antigens and Antibodies

Surface Antibodies
Antigens
A A Anti-B
B B Anti-A
AB A, B none
O none Anti-A
Anti-B
 The Rh Factor
Also called D Surface Antibo-
antigen Antigens dies
Either Rh positive Rh+ Rh factor none
(Rh+) or Rh Rh- none none
negative (Rh-) Rh- none Anti Rh
Only sensitized Rh - Sens
blood has anti-Rh
antibodies
 Blood Types
Genetically determined cell surface
markers (antigens) on RBCs, including
ABO group glycolipids on RBC surface
Rh factor membrane protein
 4 Basic Blood Types
A has surface antigen A
B has surface antigen B
AB has both antigens A and B
O has neither A nor B

A has type B antibodies

B has type A antibodies
O has both A and B antibodies
AB has neither A nor B antibodies
 4 Basic Blood Types

Antigens also called agglutinogens

Antibodies called agglutinins

Figure 196a
ABO Antigens and Antibodies

Surface Antibodies
Antigens
A A Anti-B
B B Anti-A
AB A, B none
O none Anti-A
Anti-B
 The Rh Factor
Also called D Surface Antibo-
antigen Antigens dies
Either Rh positive Rh+ Rh factor none
(Rh+) or Rh Rh- none none
negative (Rh-) Rh- none Anti Rh
Only sensitized Rh - Sens
blood has anti-Rh
antibodies
 Blood type questions
Which blood type is the best in emergency
settings (hint: which type can be given to
anyone?)
Which blood type is the lucky one that can
receive blood from any donor?
Cross-Reaction

Figure 196b
 Cross-Reaction
If donor and recipient blood types not
compatible:
Plasma antibody meets its specific surface
antigen and blood will agglutinate and
hemolyze
 Blood Type Test
Determines blood type and compatibility

Figure 197
 Cross-Match Test
Performed on donor and recipient blood
for compatibility to blood surface antigens
other than ABO and Rh
 Blood typing procedures
Skip part A
Part B: 6 trays with three wells each
Victim Crime scene Suspect 1

A B Rh A B Rh A B Rh

Suspect 2 Suspect 3 Suspect 4

A B Rh A B Rh A B Rh

6 Bottles of blood 3 Bottles of antibodies

 Blood Typing Procedures
For each well Place 1-2 drops of blood from one
bottle in all 3 wells
1-2 drops of crime scene in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of victim in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 1 in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 2 in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 3 in each of the three wells
1-2 drops of suspect 4 in in each of the three wells
For each tray add:
1-3 drops of anti-A serum to one well and stir
1-3 drops of anti-B serum to one well and stir
1-3 drops of anti-Rh serum to one well and stir
Look for clumping reaction
 Blood type?
What is the blood type? x = clumping rxn.
A B Rh

X X

Next question: what antibodies does this

person have in their blood?
 To turn in
Lab report pages 5 and 6 with completed
table and questions
Due next Thursday