Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Presented by

Siachico, Eloisa B.
Samson, Rachel S.
Dela Cruz, Arhnie Grace R.

MA in Counseling
Proponent/s
Albert Ellis (Rational Emotive Behavior
Therapy)
- Our emotions stem mainly from our beliefs, evaluations,
interpretations, and reaction to life situations.
Aaron T. Beck (Cognitive Therapy)
- Similar with REBT but more focused in addressing
depression.

Donald Michenbaum (Cognitive Behavior

Modification)
-Focuses on changing the clients self-verbalizations.
Basic Philosophy
Stoicism
- emotional disturbance is linked to placing excessive value
upon things outside of our direct control while neglecting
things we can more easily change, especially our cognitions
and behaviour.

People are disturbed not by

events, but by the views which
they take of them.
Epictetus
 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Key Concepts
- According to REBT, our attitudes, our belief, our thoughts -- the way
we think about events and the meanings we give to them -- directly
affect how we feel and behave. This is commonsense to most people,
making REBT more user-friendly than other therapies. (Rational and
Irrational)
- People create their own irrational dogmas by self repetition and
behaving as if they are useful.
- Therefore, to recover from a neurosis or a psychological disorder, we
must stop blaming others and ourselves and learn how to fully accept
ourselves despite our imperfections.
 A-B-C (D-E) Framework

Activating Event Beliefs Consequences

(Rational, irrational)

Counseling Intervention
(REBT)

Dispute Effects
 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Therapeutic Goals
To assist people in minimizing emotional disturbances,
decreasing self-defeating, self-behaviors, and becoming
more self- actualized so that they can lead a happier existence.

Teaching clients how to separate the evaluation of their behaviors

from the evaluation of themselvestheir essence and their
totalityand how to accept themselves in spite of their
imperfections.
 Cognitive Therapy
Therapeutic Goals
To remove biases or distortions in thinking so that individuals
may function more effectively

Uses a Socratic dialogue by posing open-ended questions to

clients with the aim of getting clients to reflect on personal issues
and arrive at their own conclusions.

Places more emphasis on helping clients discover and identify

their misconceptions for themselves.
Criticisms on Rational Emotive Behavior
Therapy (REBT)

First limitation of any of the cognitive behavioral

approaches is the therapists level of training,
knowledge, skill, and perceptiveness. Macy
(2007) stresses that the effective use of cognitive
behavior therapy interventions requires extensive
study, training, and practice.
Criticisms on Rational Emotive Behavior
Therapy (REBT)

Second is the misuse of the therapists power by

imposing ideas of what constitutes rational
thinking. Therapists have a large amount of power by
virtue of persuasion, therefore, psychological harm is
more possible in REBT than in less directive approaches
Criticisms on Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive Therapy has been criticized for focusing

too much on the following (Freeman & Dattilio,
1992; Weishaar, 1993):

power of positive thinking;

being too superficial and simplistic;

denying the importance of the clients past;

being too technique oriented;

 Criticisms on Cognitive Therapy

failing to use the therapeutic relationship;

working only on eliminating symptoms, but

failing to explore the underlying causes of
difficulties;

ignoring the role of unconscious factors;

and neglecting the role of feelings

emotions tend to be played down in treatment

THANK YOU!