TRAUMA TUMPUL ABDOMEN

RELANFA FARANDO 1102012234

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 The corneal anatomy
The cornea is the transparent front part of
the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior
chamber.
The cornea, with the anterior chamber
and lens, refracts light, with the cornea accounting
for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical
power
 Structure
The cornea has unmyelinated nerve endings sensitive to touch,
temperature and chemicals
The cornea does not have blood vessels. Instead, oxygen dissolves
in tears and then diffuses throughout the cornea.
Nutrients are transported via diffusion from the tear fluid through
the outside surface and the aqueous humour through the inside
surface, and also from neurotrophins supplied by nerve fibres
The most abundant soluble protein in mammalian cornea
is albumin
The tissues of the cornea (anterior to posterior)

Bowmans
Ephitelium membrane

Descemets
membrane Stromal

Endothelium
 Phisiology
Tears are distributed across the cornea to keep the eye moist, help
wounds heal, and protect against infection.
The cornea acts as a barrier against dirt, germs, and other particles
that can harm the eye.
The cornea and lens of the eye are built to focus light on the retina,
which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye.
The cornea also serves as a filter that screens out damaging ultraviolet
(UV) light from the sun. Without this protection, the lens and the
retina would be exposed to injury from UV rays
 Pathophisiology of refractive error
Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye prevents light from
focusing directly on the retina. The length of the eyeball (longer or
shorter), changes in the shape of the cornea, or aging of the lens.
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes through one object to
another. Vision occurs when light rays are bent (refracted) as they pass
through the cornea and the lens. The light is then focused on the
retina. The retina converts the light-rays into messages that are sent
through the optic nerve to the brain
 (nearsightedness) is a condition where
Myopia objects up close appear clearly

farsightedness) is a common type of

Hyperopia refractive error where distant objects
may be seen more clearly than objects
that are near.

is a condition in which the eye does

Astigmatism not focus light evenly onto the retina,
the light-sensitive tissue at the back of
the eye
Is an age-related condition in which the
Presbiopia ability to focus up close becomes more
difficult.
Emetropia

Myiopia
Hyperopia