Design Tools to Support NAVSEA Ship

Design & Program Management

&
NAVSEA - CNET
HSI for Training Systems
ITE Inc.
April 12, 2007
1507A N. Colonial Terrace
Arlington, VA 22209
703-528-3711
www.ITEinc.US

References:
ASNE Technical Paper, “Achieving Human Systems Integration through Design,” June 2003
I/ITSEC Technical Paper, “A Total Ship – Crew Model to Achieve Human Systems Integration,” December 2004
Available on ITE Website at www.ITEinc.US 1
www.ITEinc.US
 Agenda

1. Purpose
2. History of NAVSEA Physics Based Design
(PBD) Tools
3. CAD-Physics History:
• Integration
• Design Applications
• HSI Applications
4. Crafting a Design Environment to support
SECNAV, NAVSEA & CNET Objectives
5. Capture all validated models for HSI reuse
6. Way Ahead

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1. Purpose

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 Purpose
• To share ITE 8 year history of working with NAVSEA to develop:
– Physics Based Design Tools
– Integration of Physics Tools with 2D-3D CAD Tools
– Reuse of validated physics model to support HSI
– ICAS support
– DDG-1000 Design Tools

• Support NAVSEA objectives for managing ship design: use concurrent V&V
– Support DoD – SECNAV Policy: Simulation Based Acquisition

• Discuss successful, practical examples of concurrent V&V of design using

“physics” modeling and reuse of captured models for HSI objectives for
NAVSEA & CNET:
– Shore & Afloat Dynamic Eng / DC & Total Ship Training (BFTT)
– Real-time Readiness Assessment ship systems (ICAS)
– Engineering & DC Operational Decision Aids
– Distance Support
– Future Ship Modernization

• Support Next Generation Integrated Power Systems (NGIPS) design

architectures and supporting design tools

• Reduce RISK to Performance, Cost and Schedule

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2. History of NAVSEA Physics Based
Design (PBD) Tools

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Simsmart “Physics” analysis was competitively
selected by NAVSEA in 1996 is a multi-discipline
Physics Based Design (PBD) tool for HM&E process
and control systems:
• Liquids
• Gases
• HVAC
• AC/DC electrical generation and distribution
• Logic and analog machinery control systems
• Propulsion

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Simsmart™ Physics Tool Overview

To create SIMSMART™ flow sheets

just drag & drop the desired equipment and
control icons on the screen from selected
model libraries, link them and enter 7
their characteristics www.ITEinc.US
The CAD (Computer Aided Drafting) … “Does it fit?”
Tools Physics Modeling … “Does it work?”
Performance
SIMSMART™ Metrics

HMI

Run-Time

... www.ITEinc.US
Data Trend

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Ship Modernization / HSI: Open the Model
Create & Validate the New Design HSI App.

Integrated Product Data Environment (IPDE

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 Typical Simsmart™ IV&V Applications LHA

•LPD17 - Machinery seawater cooling, firemain, ballast/de-ballast, air de-

ballast hydraulics, chill water system, fuel fill and transfer, MOGAS, nitrogen
inerting, ballast tank internals CG

•DD21 Alliance (DD21/DDX/DDG1000 - HM&E and DC systems design V&V

•CG47 Upgrade – AAW Warfare Commander Alt: Chilled water system, LPD
firemain, electrical generation and distribution
•LHA 1 Class - Firemain flow network analyses & life cycle studies
DDG
•BFTT - Battle Force Tactical Training System: Total Ship Training System
•LSD41 Class - Seawater cooling system design & life cycle studies
•CVN68 Class - Firemain, JP5 fuel handling system, collecting holding & CVN
transfer (CHT); System concept, trade-off studies and system operation
•T-AKR Class - De-watering system troubleshooting, cargo storage area
HVAC system troubleshooting DDG1000

•Navy Post Graduate School Ship Progressive Flooding Analysis

•Non-oily waste membrane treatment - Concept design studies, design
LSD
impacts & operator training
•DDG51 – De-watering, Firemain …
•Arsenal Ship R&D - Firemain, ballast/de-ballast T-AKR

•LHD8 and more … 10

www.ITEinc.US
 Physics Based Ship Engineering Design Analysis, V&V & HSI Tools

Domain of Single Discipline Component to Domain of Multi-discipline Real-time, Component,

System Design System and Total Ship Modeling For Concurrent
Engineering Analysis, Verification, Performance
Characteristics (Typical): Monitoring & HSI
•Models essentially custom built HSI Support Operating Doctrine / Human-in-Loop
Performance Models
•Modeling SW does not come with Navy HM&E •Virtual Ship Model
•EOSS
models •Embedded Training SIMSMART™ 2
•EOCC meets ALL Multi-Discipline
•Usually non-real time •Manpower – Automation
•CSOSS Requirements
Analysis
•Usually single discipline: Electrical or Fluid or HVAC •Human Task-Skill Actions: Time and
•Plant Performance
or Gas or … Event based
Monitoring, Distance Support
•Used for: sizing, transient / fault analysis, •Operational Decision Aids
protective device settings …
Real-Time, Multi-discipline,
•Used for R&D, EDM development, Analysis Cascading Effects of HM&E
Multi-Discipline operations & damage
•In general, do not interface to ship production
Total Ship Model
CAD - CAM process (see notes)
NAVSEA CPC Based
Libraries & Multi-
MATLAB™ SPICE™ Transition to discipline for Total Ship
EASY5™
Smart Product Model / Modeling:
Total Ship Model Smart
Mentor Graphics™ RTDS™ when •Electrical
VTB
Product
Design Verified by •Fluid
Engineering Analysis, Model
ROSE™ 2 (CPC Based) •Gas
SIMSMART™ PE Certified CPC Compliant
& Defined in CPC Format (PBD - CAD Components •HVAC
ACSL™ Saber™ Part Numbers By ship / class)
EASYPOWER™ •Controls
for Acquisition
EDSA™ 1
PSCAD™ FLOWMASTER™
Ship / Class 2D/3D Ship Design / Production &
1.EDSA is associated with CATIA for electrical design
CAD-Physics Dynamic V&V Lifecycle Support
2. SIMSMART supports systems engineering as well as total ship models using
CPC parts with electronic data exchange with shipyard CAD-CAM systems. 11
Modeling Domains should be Complementary throughout the Design & Life Cycle Support Process www.ITEinc.US
From NAVSEA highlights:
“SIMSMART Inc. has successfully modeled 8 piping systems for Avondale.
These models have revealed system deficiencies which may not have been
noticed using traditional flow network calculations (spreadsheets). They
have also made obvious several system enhancements that save money
and production time while still meeting the requirements of the contract. For
example, the chilled water model was used to show that a portion of the
main had to be increased in size from 5 to 6 inches due to the unanticipated
demand that developed in this area of the ship through the detail design
process. Without this modeling capability it is entirely possible that this
shortfall in the system may have gone unnoticed until such time where fitting
the larger main into the overhead would have been impossible. This is just
one example where this exceptional tool has more than paid for itself.”
Daniel S. Van Voorhis
US Navy - LPD 17 Machinery IPT
Dated ~ Oct 2001

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3. CAD-Physics Development History:
a. Integration Sponsors:
* DDG-1000
* NSRP
b. Design Applications
c. HSI Applications

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 Design Tools to Improve Efficiency of Program Management and Human Systems Integration Rev 5
Compiled by ITE Inc 2007 www.ITEinc.US (print 11 x 17 or larger)

Executive
Summary 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
CNET : Task Force Excel 2005 – 2007 ANZAC Frigate Total
Navy Training CNO ADM Clark VADM Lee Gunn Report
http://www.uscg.mil/TCYORKTOWN/PTC/downloads/TFE.
ppt
Ship HME&DC Model
Revolution in Training w/ CNET: 5 Vector Model / Career Training &
Requirements ordered Executive To build careers / use Education from Ship Acquisition
NAVSESS $$ Premise: Use ship design
Review Navy Training Multi-Level Metrics … thru Ship Lifecycle
AC Unit Model
(ERNT) for ICAS tools to support ship design
430 Has BFTT CS SIM-STIM; BTSWG Mtgs
NAVSESS $$ Virtual “Hot / program managers during
PMS 430 BFTT HPAC Model Plant” and all phases of design, trials
New NAVSEA VADM Balisle
Observes Needs HM&E & DC SIM-STIM 1st Demo/Model delivered Notional CG SBIR for ICAS OBT
I/ITSEC 2001 International BFTT Ph 2 Ends Re-org NAVSEA IWS-1E Rick Virtual “Hot and tests, permitting IV&V
SIMSMART™ Physics Model of notional monitoring the designs and
Demo Tactical & Eng, DC via Bragg. All new contracts. Plant” and
Ship Model at SNAME WAN U.S. U.K.-Aus.- “CG” Staff change over. OBT HSI objectives in progress,
Netherlands.
DSR SBIR Contract Mod to SBIR Phase 2
linked to corresponding
add Simsmart HM&E-DC model
OAK added to SBIR
BFTT CS / CAD drawings. Physics –
HM&E and DC DSR / Simsmart IWS-1E math models (basis of
First Real Time BFTT?
Model / OAK contracts
I/ITSEC 2000, see DCAMS at cascading casualties
demonstrated end
design), now “lost”, are
BFTT booth, Recommend join for damage and Capt Shannon
SBIR Joe Loudon captured for reuse for:
HM&E / repair tied to
BFTT CS, using Mar 2002:Directed Demo for
Distance Support,
CNSF VADM Tim LaFleur observes EOSS / EOCC /
VADM LaFleur & Staff @ SD TSTC ICD Drafted … Effort Performance Monitoring,
BFTT / Simsmart Demo @ SNA 2002 CSOSS CoC CNSF stopped with NAVSEA Reorg. Readiness Assessment,
SNA 2002 RADM Terry
Had tasked Staff in Etnyre Operational Decision Aids
2000 to Report 2003 ASNE
status / Tech 2004 for DC and Engineering, and
Ship Models for Training from requirements for @ SBIR 2002 CNSF:
Paper: I/TSEC future ShipAlt planning.
“Achieve Tech
Ship Design Validation Tools CNSF training See Can you provide CD Draft DOP
Paper “A
Also support advanced
CNSF PPT Jan and ROI HSI
for “A” School Total dynamic interactive training
2002 provided through
Sailors per ERNT? Ship –
HM&E dynamic design validation tools
Yes. for CNSF Design” ashore and afloat, as well as
acquired by BIW & Ingalls for Modeling LHD-8 Crew
DD21 (DDX);by Avondale for PD17; by Modeling Model to
to provide the underlying
Ingalls for CG47 Mod; Gibbs & Cox, for SEA- Achieve computations to teach
JJMA and NAVSEA etc. 05D . CSC HSI” students how and why
NAVSEA National Shipbuilding Research NSRP $$ to NSRP $$ to NSRP $$ to systems work – prepare
Program (NSRP), Increase US - international Simsmart to Simsmart Simsmart to them for critical thinking,
Competitive Capability with an Advanced integrate with integrate with 3/05 GAO Report 05-183: findings include
to integrate with … ship design incomplete before college work, etc.
Shipbuilding Enterprise (ASE) & Processes CATIA CAD for AutoCAD (Ship Intergraph CAD
Dynamic Validation for Dynamic production causing cost over run &
Constructor) for deficient systems. Also see INSURV MSG:
Dynamic Validation Validation
LPD 17 is Navy’s First attempt at full PREINSURV Norfolk VA 181811Z July 05
digital design incorporating CAD and LPD17: 11 Vital Fluid systems LPD-17 Incomplete …
Physics Dynamic Validation, Selects validated with models for
SIMSMART™ via competition Ingalls FSO CG 47 LCS Ships (did not use dynamic design validation = no model)
NAVSEA. HVAC & Electrical not
validated Mod dynamic
design Validation /
DD21 Program CATIA CAD + Ingalls sells idea
Model: OAK e-DCAMS OAK DCTMS
Simsmart Physics for Design to DD21 Alliance DCAMS •Electrical Plant
Validation & Navy NAVSEA O5L4 13K Objects
Program DD21 Dies DD(X) obtains DDG1000 Simsmart Physics
•Firemain 4K
BIW/ Ingalls Together = DD21 Alliance Objective DD(X) begins CATIA- Raytheon Phase 4 of DD(X) to CATIA V5 Revs 15, 16, 17
Objects
Memorandum SIMSMART™ … continues
Both select Simsmart via Competition •Chill Water 4K Katrina Flood Damage
(POM) 5 years Objects NGSS wins integration in
Engineers at Ingalls scope CAD & dynamic System of again, as Dec 04 for
Design Validation using physics models Record: Design Dynamic
Budget line NGSS Protest Agent Validation of Replace Dongle license plugs for SIMSMART™
DDX wins
Starts DDX
Fluid and HVAC
(Electrical TBD)
DDX Dynamic Validation and Integration to Continue
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4. Crafting a Design Environment to support
SECNAV / NAVSEA / CNET Objectives

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 Design Continuum Overview

Future
Modernization
Construction

Detail
Design Ship Operates
Contract
Design
Preliminary
Design
Tests & Trials -
RDT&E -
Commissioning
Conceptual
Design
Continuous CAD = Does it “Fit”?
Requirements SD/PM’s IV&V Virtual Ship Model
Continuous PBD* = Does it “Work”?

Ship Design / Program Manger’s IV&V Rolling

Total Ship Performance Verification (Quarterly?)

Question? When in the Ship Design Process

*PBD = Physics Based Design should the electric plant “see” the H&M plant? 16
Why not from day one? www.ITEinc.US
Improve Efficiency of Program Management and Human Systems Integration
Transformational Ship Design Process – Improve & Control Design – Support the Lifecycle
ITE Inc. 1507A N Colonial Terrace, Arlington,. VA 22209 * jfamme@ITEinc.US * www.ITEinc.US

Integrated Ship Design Tools Spiral Design Tests & Trials Deliver HSI Lifecycle

Spiral •The Ship Shore & Afloat

Common Parts Design T&T Dynamic Eng / DC
T&T
Process IV&V using the & Total Ship
of the • Real-time
• Conceptual PBD model Training
“Actual Validated
• Preliminary “Virtual (BFTT)
• Contract Ship” Dynamic
Ship”
• Detail Before & Model •Real-time
Before &
During of the Readiness
CAD = Objectives: During
Integrated PBD = Sea Ship Assessment
Design Design •Program Control Dock
•Performance
Trials Trials ship systems
“FITS” ‘WORKS” Assessment •CAD
All (ICAS)
•Automation All Drawings
Systems,
•Reduced Crew Systems,
•Survivability Separately
Separately • Engineering &
•Safety & • Update all DC Operational
&
Together configuration Decision
LEAPS •Deliver
Together
part Aids
a Full Ship • Electrical
• Electrical numbers
Smart Product Model PBD Model • Fluid • Distance
• Fluid to the
w/Multi-Discipline Models to support • Gas
Tests & • Gas ERP – TDKM Support
Integrated w/ CAD • HVAC
Trials • HVAC IPDE
• Controls •Future Ship
• Controls Programs
Modernization

View Companion Technical Paper @

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http://www.businessdevelopmentusa.com/docs/HSISymTSDCJune2003.pdf
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 Periodic Dynamic V&V Design Review Process

HM&E Component and Systems Designers – P&IDs …

CAD:
It Fits Electrical Fluid Gas HVAC Controls DC

Periodic Dynamic V&V Performance

LEAPS Reviews System and Total Ship Every
TeamCenter Phase / Step of Design
Environment
Shipbuilder

Smart Product Model

Integrated CAD - Physics

NAVSEA Technical
Physics:
It Works, in
real-time Total Ship
Model
Will ship’s HM&E PEO Ships
CAD &
plant support ship & Physics by
all missions / Deck
modules dynamically
thru all scenarios? All Systems Work Together 18
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ANZAC TPTS Propulsion Systems

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 Summary: Applications of Multi-Discipline Physics-based Design Tools
• SECNAV – NAVSEA Shipbuilding Objectives:
• Demonstrate dynamic “performance” during RDT&E and all design phases
– System to total ship level
• Demonstrate Mission and HSI Performance Requirements
• Eliminate Risk
• Reduce Costs
• Model can be used as the specification
• Model can be re-used for all HSI Lifecycle Support Applications
• Mature tools: 19 year development to TLR-9
• 19 years Support to NAVSEA, Shipbuilders and Marine Engineering Companies
– Numerous ship design programs (see slide)
• Integration of CAD-Physics under NSRP - ASE Phase II:
– CATIA, ShipConstructor, Intergraph
• Demonstrated HSI Applications needed by CNET:
– SBIR Total Ship Model for Training (BFTT CS with HME&DC model
» real time cascading damage and recovery
• Captures all physics models (basis of design) as well as the CAD
• Currently Builder delivers only drawings, none of the “math” (intellectual property)
• ASNE-SNAME technical papers 2003-4: continuous IV&V
• Recommended all designs use continuous IV&V (Highlighted LCS program)
• Resulting Validated Ship Model Supports the Full Ship Lifecycle
• Training
• Decision Aids
• Modernization
• Distance Support / SORTS 20
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5. Example of applying validated models:

BFTT embedded training system SBIR

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 TRL-8 and 9 Applications
Physics Based Design to Human Systems Integration

• For NAVSEA and CNET: Shore & Afloat

Dynamic Eng / DC & Total Ship Training,
Accession to BFTT

• Real-time Readiness Assessment of ship

systems in support of ICAS

• Engineering & DC Operational Decision Aids

• Distance Support

• Future Ship Modernization

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 Imperative Requirement for Validated HM&E Models

Summarize CNET Memo 1 Feb 07

Imperative Need for Electronic Classrooms & Transportable
training media CDROMS for fleet Accession and Embedded
Training
The Navy cut instructors betting on low cost PC simulation
[like they saw, in part, @ HM&E SS demos in 2001 – 2002
(next 4 slides)]
But NAVSEA reorganized in 2003, VADM LaFleur the
champion retired and the initiative died. Next few slides are
what VADM LaFleur requested, saw and wanted …all of the
necessary models would be a nearly “free” by product of a
Navy ship design process based on continuous IV&V
modeling for program management / managing the design

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 PMS430 – BFTT - Total Ship Training & Operational Decision Aids Architecture

Debrief
BOPC
Scenario Generation
Products
& Control

DATA
Performance STOW LAN COLLECTION LAN
Monitoring,
Training &
USN & Coalition Combat Systems Training
Assessment
TPTS IT21 SWAN & 2-Way Wireless LAN
Platform Simulation
IT21 LAN /
SWAN
Two-way

Central Control Station (CCS), Damage Control Central (DCC),

Machinery Spaces, Repair Stations 2, 3, 5, 8, …
PERCIEVED
TRUTH
MCS GROUND TRUTH

Wearable
Trainer Computers
DCAMS
Trainee
Training
Flags
Trainer

Ground
Truth Trainee
Perceived
Truth Perceived
Truth

Ship Interior Communications 24

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TPTS Instructor
Station (1)

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 Total Ship Training (TST) Integrated Continuum

BFTT TSTS

Damage Control Engineering

Benefits:
• Full Fidelity at-Sea Individual and Team Training Same
• “Training more relevant and more motivating at Models
sea” (SNA 2002) “Scaled”

• Fills SWOS “Need for Engineering & Damage Same HMI

Control Training at Sea” (SNA 2002) “Look &
Feel”
• Based on Ship’s EOSS-EOP-EOCC-CSOSS
At Every
• Supports CDROM-based Individual Self Paced Level of
Training Training
• Supports SWOS / A-School Classroom Training

Validated HMEC&DC Ship Systems Dynamic Models Created During Ship Design or From Ship Design
Data for Legacy Ships 26
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 Application Across Training Continuum
(Revolution in Training and Task Force Excel Concept)

Performance and Debrief Products

- Can be printed out or downloaded to
floppy
- Performance history, test scores, module
completion status, etc. downloaded to Total Ship Training System
floppy and imported into training database
on arrival at ship
LAN Based Training
- Uses same models as CD-ROM and
Total Ship Training System
- Updates training database
- Provides performance and debrief
products

Enroute Training

Initial Qualification Refresher Training

CD-ROM with Dynamic Engineering Models

Tailored to assigned ship
- Actual system configurations
- Actual EOSS, EOCC, EOP, CSOSS, etc.
Contains:
Computer Based Training Lessons
- Cognitive Learning Principles Incorporated
Simulation Based Training Scenarios
Accession Training -Simulation Engine for interactive training 27
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 Meeting Six Star Requirements for Design, Performance & Training
Legacy Ships and Future Ships

NAVSEA Design & HSI CNET / NAVPERS Manning & Training

•Control Design, Performance Cost and Schedule •Instructor manning in decline
•Reduce Incidents: Improve Training, Performance, Maintenance •Imperative need for low cost PC Based Accession, In Route &
& Distance Support (See COMNAVSEA Guidance April 2007) Embedded Training (See CNET Memo Feb 2007)

One Process Both Apps

TSDC Design & HSI Process

ASNE Technical Paper, “Achieving Human Systems Integration through Design,” June 2003
I/ITSEC Technical Paper, “A Total Ship – Crew Model to Achieve Human Systems Integration,” December 2004 28
Available on ITE Website at www.ITEinc.US www.ITEinc.US
 One Design-HSI Process Supports NAVSEA & CNET Requirements

Legacy Ships and Future Ships

NAVSEA Design & HSI Achieves: CNET / NAVPERS Provided at little cost:
• Improved Control of Design, Performance, Cost and • Validated Dynamic HME&DC models for Eng Plant
Schedule; Tools to Reduce & Respond to Incidents: Operator Course low cost PC-Based Accession, In Route
Training, Performance, Maintenance & Distance Support & Embedded Training.

Integrated Ship Design Tools Spiral Design Tests & Trials Deliver HSI Lifecycle

Spiral •The Ship Shore & Afloat

Common Parts Design T&T Dynamic Eng / DC
T&T
Process IV&V using the & Total Ship
of the • Real-time
• Conceptual PBD model Training
“Actual Validated
• Preliminary “Virtual (BFTT)
• Contract Ship” Dynamic
Ship”
• Detail Before & Model •Real-time
Before &
During of the Readiness
CAD = Objectives: During
Integrated PBD = Sea Ship Assessment
Design Design •Program Control Dock
•Performance
Trials Trials ship systems
“FITS” ‘WORKS” Assessment •CAD
All (ICAS)
•Automation All Drawings
Systems,
•Reduced Crew Systems,
•Survivability Separately
Separately • Engineering &
•Safety & • Update all DC Operational
&
Together configuration Decision
LEAPS •Deliver
Together
part Aids
a Full Ship • Electrical
• Electrical numbers
Smart Product Model PBD Model • Fluid • Distance
• Fluid to the
w/Multi-Discipline Models to support • Gas
Tests & • Gas ERP – TDKM Support
Integrated w/ CAD • HVAC
Trials • HVAC IPDE
• Controls •Future Ship
• Controls Programs 29
Modernization
www.ITEinc.US
 ITE Inc.
1507A N. Colonial
Terrace
Arlington, VA 22209
703-528-3711

Support SECNAV/ NAVSEA / CNET

Transformation & Sea Enterprise …

Business Efficiency (Dynamic IV&V based Metrics) …
… based on Visible, Integrated, Spiral Design Processes

Reduce risk and cost in shipbuilding

Support in Sea Enterprise savings

Support HSI across all phases of the ship lifecycle

Collect all Navy Intellectual Property not just drawings
NAVSEA developed these tool sets over 8 years
Return on Investment has been shown
Tools are TLR 8 & 9

Way Ahead?
References:
ASNE Technical Paper, “Achieving Human Systems Integration through Design,” June 2003
I/ITSEC Technical Paper, “A Total Ship – Crew Model to Achieve Human Systems Integration,” December 2004
Available on ITE Website at www.ITEinc.US 30
www.ITEinc.US
 Mission Effectiveness by Developing & Re-Applying Validated Simulation Models

Operational, Threat &

Damage Adaptive Integrated & Distributed Command
•Autonomic (M&S Based) Capabilities
Reconfiguration •Combat & Engineering Systems
Integrated Design
•Intelligent Agents •Personal On-Move PDA Communications
•Doctrine
•Autonomic Response & Control
•Ship Design
•Electronic Navigation / M&S Based
•Automation Design
Decision Aids
•Simulation Based Total
Ship-Crew Model
•Validate Automation - Security
Reduced Manning •Access Points
•Remote Monitoring

Embedded M&S Based

Training / Decision Aids
•Networked BG to Shore Mission Readiness
•Individual to Total Crew •Local & Network within
Core Model & Simulation ship & across Battle
•Sailor accession training
Force platforms
Damage Control •Combat Systems
•Autonomic •Engineering Systems
Simulation Based Acquisition &
•Intelligent Agent SW •Damage Control
Operation
•M&S Based •Distant Support
•Integrated CAD-Physics Smart
Reconfiguration •EHM & CBM
Product Model through all design
phases, with dock & sea trial model •Personal On-The Move •Electronic Manuals
Displays •3D Visualization
validation, reuse of the validated
•Combat Systems •Crew Location /
model that will run in parallel during
•Engineering Systems Monitoring
operations, supporting decision aids,
ship wide performance monitoring to •Damage Control
support all functions on this slide •Electronic Manuals
and future Alts & modernization •3D Visualization 31
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 Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Definitions
Technology Readiness Level Description

1. Basic Principles observed and Lowest Level of Technology Readiness. Scientific research begins to be translated into applied research and
reported. development. Examples might include paper studies of a technology’s basic properties.

2. Technology concept and/or Invention begins. Once basic principles are observed, practical applications can be invented. Applications are
application formulated. speculative and there is no proof or detailed analysis to support the assumptions. Examples are limited to
analytic studies.

3. Analytical and experimental Active research and development is initiated. This includes analytical studies and laboratory studies to
critical functions and/or physically validate analytical predictions of separate elements of the technology. Examples include
characteristic proof of concept. components that are not yet integrated or representative.

4. Component and/or Basic technological components are integrated to establish that they will work together. This is relatively “low
breadboard validation in fidelity” compared to the eventual system. Examples include integration of “ad hoc” hardware in laboratory.
laboratory environment.

5. Component and/or Fidelity of breadboard technology increases significantly. The basic technological components are integrated
breadboard validation in relevant with reasonably realistic supporting elements so that it can be tested in a simulated environment. Examples
environment. include “high fidelity” laboratory integration of components.

6. System/subsystem model or Representative model or prototype system, which is well beyond TRL 5, is tested in a relevant environment.
prototype demonstration in a Represents a major step up in technology’s demonstrated readiness. Examples include testing a prototype in a
relevant environment. high fidelity laboratory environment, or in a simulated operational environment.

7. System prototype Prototype near, or at, planned operational system. Represents a major step up from TRL 6, requiring
demonstration in an operational demonstration of an actual system prototype in an operational environment, such as an aircraft, vehicle, or
environment. space. Examples include testing the prototype in a test bed aircraft.

8. Actual system completed and Technology has been proven to work in its final form and under expected conditions. In almost all cases, TRL
“flight qualified” through test and represents the end of the true system development. Examples include developmental test and evaluation of
demonstration. the system in its intended weapon system to determine if it meets design specifications.

9. Actual system “flight proven” Actual Application of the technology in its final form and under mission conditions, such as those encountered
through successful mission in operational test and evaluation. In almost all cases, this is the end of the last “bug fixing” aspects of system
operations. development. Examples include using the system under operational mission conditions.

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